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Influence of EVA, PVB and Ionoplast Interlayers on the Structural Behaviour and Fracture Pattern of Laminated Glass

Sable, Liene LU ; Kinsella, David LU and Kozlowski, Marcin LU (2019) In International Journal of Structural Glass and Advanced Materials Research 3. p.62-78
Abstract
Architectural trends increasingly challenge material producers and engineers to create sustainable, renewable and innovative laminated glass products that combine multiple functions as in, for example, glass railings with solar cells, curved laminated glass, floors with light emitting diodes that serve as multimedia screens. All new tendencies require the development of interlayers for laminated glass, which allows laminating electrical parts, solar cells or other objects between two glass plies. For this complex lamination process, the most appropriate interlayer is Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), because its properties allow for working in low temperatures without autoclave. From the other hand, EVA material has not been defined... (More)
Architectural trends increasingly challenge material producers and engineers to create sustainable, renewable and innovative laminated glass products that combine multiple functions as in, for example, glass railings with solar cells, curved laminated glass, floors with light emitting diodes that serve as multimedia screens. All new tendencies require the development of interlayers for laminated glass, which allows laminating electrical parts, solar cells or other objects between two glass plies. For this complex lamination process, the most appropriate interlayer is Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), because its properties allow for working in low temperatures without autoclave. From the other hand, EVA material has not been defined and discussed entirely in prEN16613 standard as a suitable interlayer material, for example, for structures application like Polyvinyl Butyral (PVB) interlayer. For this reason, EVA interlayer laminates must be investigated and compared with PVB or similar interlayer laminates to evaluate its mechanical behaviour. The research paper gives an idea and compares the structural behaviour and fracture pattern and evaluates laminated glass samples with PVB, Ionoplast and EVA interlayers. Under practical circumstances, glass structures need to be designed to withstand bending stresses which may occur, e.g., due to lateral loading, that means that four-point bending tests is appropriate method for the evaluation of structural behavior. Tests were also modelled in the Finite Element (FE) ABAQUS/CAE software to calculate displacements and evaluate bending stresses. According to current research, the conclusion can be drawn that for samples with EVA interlayer, stiffness is equivalent to PVB interlayer specimens’ results and EVA interlayer can be used in the same cases as PVB material. Moreover, using FE method makes it possible to simulate accurately the mechanical behaviour of laminated glass tested in 4-point bending with high result correlation with error less than 5% while the analytical calculations show error of 10-58%. (Less)
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author
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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Laminated Glass, 4-Point Bending, Annealed Glass, Finite Element Analysis, EVA, PVB, Structural Glass
in
International Journal of Structural Glass and Advanced Materials Research
volume
3
pages
62 - 78
publisher
Science Publications
ISSN
2616-4507
DOI
10.3844/sgamrsp.2019.62.78
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
bd5786cc-5938-4011-9675-fd4370013332
date added to LUP
2019-08-09 13:17:44
date last changed
2019-09-06 11:06:21
@article{bd5786cc-5938-4011-9675-fd4370013332,
  abstract     = {{Architectural trends increasingly challenge material producers and engineers to create sustainable, renewable and innovative laminated glass products that combine multiple functions as in, for example, glass railings  with  solar  cells,  curved  laminated  glass, floors  with  light emitting diodes that serve as multimedia screens. All new tendencies require the development of interlayers for laminated glass, which allows laminating electrical parts, solar cells or other objects between two glass plies. For this complex lamination process, the most appropriate interlayer is Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), because its properties allow for working in low temperatures without autoclave. From the other hand, EVA material has not been defined and discussed entirely in prEN16613 standard as a suitable interlayer material, for example, for structures application like Polyvinyl Butyral (PVB) interlayer. For this reason, EVA interlayer laminates must be investigated and compared with PVB or similar interlayer laminates to evaluate its mechanical behaviour. The research paper gives an idea and compares the structural behaviour and fracture pattern and evaluates laminated glass samples with PVB, Ionoplast and EVA interlayers. Under practical circumstances, glass structures need to be designed to withstand bending stresses which may occur, e.g., due to lateral loading, that means that four-point bending tests is appropriate method for the evaluation of structural behavior. Tests were also modelled in the Finite Element (FE) ABAQUS/CAE software to calculate  displacements  and  evaluate  bending  stresses.  According  to current research, the conclusion can be drawn that for samples with EVA interlayer, stiffness is equivalent to PVB interlayer specimens’ results and EVA interlayer can be used in the same cases as PVB material. Moreover, using FE method makes it possible to simulate accurately the mechanical behaviour of laminated glass tested in 4-point bending with high  result  correlation  with  error  less  than  5%  while  the analytical calculations show error of 10-58%.}},
  author       = {{Sable, Liene and Kinsella, David and Kozlowski, Marcin}},
  issn         = {{2616-4507}},
  keywords     = {{Laminated Glass; 4-Point Bending; Annealed Glass; Finite Element Analysis; EVA; PVB; Structural Glass}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{62--78}},
  publisher    = {{Science Publications}},
  series       = {{International Journal of Structural Glass and Advanced Materials Research}},
  title        = {{Influence of EVA, PVB and Ionoplast Interlayers on the Structural Behaviour and Fracture Pattern of Laminated Glass}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/sgamrsp.2019.62.78}},
  doi          = {{10.3844/sgamrsp.2019.62.78}},
  volume       = {{3}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}