Healthcare, health and inequality in health in the Nordic countries
(2018) In Nordic Journal of Health Economics Special Issue.- Abstract
- All five Nordic countries emphasize equal and easy access to healthcare, assuming that increased access to healthcare leads to increased health. It is the purpose of the present study to explore to which extent the populations of these countries have reached good health and a high degree of socio-economic equality in health. Each of the five countries has established extensive public health programmes, although with somewhat different measures to increase health of the populations. We compare these countries to the UK and Germany by using data from the European Social Survey for 2002 and 2012 in addition to OECD statistics for the same years. Health is measured by self-assessed health in five categories, which is transformed to a cardinal... (More)
- All five Nordic countries emphasize equal and easy access to healthcare, assuming that increased access to healthcare leads to increased health. It is the purpose of the present study to explore to which extent the populations of these countries have reached good health and a high degree of socio-economic equality in health. Each of the five countries has established extensive public health programmes, although with somewhat different measures to increase health of the populations. We compare these countries to the UK and Germany by using data from the European Social Survey for 2002 and 2012 in addition to OECD statistics for the same years. Health is measured by self-assessed health in five categories, which is transformed to a cardinal scale using Swedish time trade-off (TTO) weights. As socio-economic measures we use household income and length of education. Socio-economic inequality in health is elicited in two ways. First, we show social gradients by comparing the percentage of respondents in the lower income group reporting good or very good health to the corresponding rates in the upper income group. Second, we show concentration indices of socio-economic related inequality in health. Everything else kept equal, good health and the size of the concentration index are negatively associated by definition. In 2012, mean health, based on Swedish weights applied to all countries, is above 0.93 in all the Nordic countries and the UK, but lower in Germany. Each of the Nordic countries have introduced centrally initiated comprehensive public health programmes to increase health and reduce socio-economic inequalities in health. In general, the Nordic countries have achieved good health for their populations as well as a high degree of socioeconomic equality in health. Improvements in life-style related determinants of health are possible, however. (Less)
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https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/ceddf36a-b23f-4687-877e-389d7dbeeb79
- author
- Christiansen, Terkel ; Lauridsen, Jørgen T. ; Kifmann, Mathias ; Lyttkens, Carl Hampus LU ; Ólafsdóttir, Thorhildur and Valtonen, Hannu
- organization
- publishing date
- 2018-06
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- International comparison of health systems, health status, inequality in in health
- in
- Nordic Journal of Health Economics
- volume
- Special Issue
- pages
- 19 pages
- publisher
- University of Oslo
- ISSN
- 1892-9729
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- ceddf36a-b23f-4687-877e-389d7dbeeb79
- date added to LUP
- 2018-10-17 10:59:07
- date last changed
- 2018-11-21 21:42:31
@article{ceddf36a-b23f-4687-877e-389d7dbeeb79, abstract = {{All five Nordic countries emphasize equal and easy access to healthcare, assuming that increased access to healthcare leads to increased health. It is the purpose of the present study to explore to which extent the populations of these countries have reached good health and a high degree of socio-economic equality in health. Each of the five countries has established extensive public health programmes, although with somewhat different measures to increase health of the populations. We compare these countries to the UK and Germany by using data from the European Social Survey for 2002 and 2012 in addition to OECD statistics for the same years. Health is measured by self-assessed health in five categories, which is transformed to a cardinal scale using Swedish time trade-off (TTO) weights. As socio-economic measures we use household income and length of education. Socio-economic inequality in health is elicited in two ways. First, we show social gradients by comparing the percentage of respondents in the lower income group reporting good or very good health to the corresponding rates in the upper income group. Second, we show concentration indices of socio-economic related inequality in health. Everything else kept equal, good health and the size of the concentration index are negatively associated by definition. In 2012, mean health, based on Swedish weights applied to all countries, is above 0.93 in all the Nordic countries and the UK, but lower in Germany. Each of the Nordic countries have introduced centrally initiated comprehensive public health programmes to increase health and reduce socio-economic inequalities in health. In general, the Nordic countries have achieved good health for their populations as well as a high degree of socioeconomic equality in health. Improvements in life-style related determinants of health are possible, however.}}, author = {{Christiansen, Terkel and Lauridsen, Jørgen T. and Kifmann, Mathias and Lyttkens, Carl Hampus and Ólafsdóttir, Thorhildur and Valtonen, Hannu}}, issn = {{1892-9729}}, keywords = {{International comparison of health systems, health status, inequality in in health}}, language = {{eng}}, publisher = {{University of Oslo}}, series = {{Nordic Journal of Health Economics}}, title = {{Healthcare, health and inequality in health in the Nordic countries}}, url = {{https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/files/53076331/5955_18952_1_PB.pdf}}, volume = {{Special Issue}}, year = {{2018}}, }