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Differences in risk factor profiles for peripheral artery disease compared to coronary, cerebral and carotid artery

Acosta, Stefan LU orcid ; Du, Yufeng LU ; Borné, Yan LU and Gottsäter, Anders LU (2025) In Scientific Reports 15. p.1-10
Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the greatest drivers for development of lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) in relation to coronary, precerebral, or cerebral artery disease This prospective study (Malmö Diet and Cancer study) included 26,681 participants. The diagnosis of incident PAD, coronary artery disease (CoAD), atherothrombotic ischemic stroke (IS) free from atrial fibrillation or flutter, and carotid artery disease (CaAD) was validated. A modified Lunn-McNeil competing risk analysis was performed to compare the Hazard Ratio (HR) strength of PAD in relation to CoAD, IS, or CaAD. The estimated population attributable risk fractions (PAF) for each atherosclerotic manifestation were estimated by first fit an age and... (More)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the greatest drivers for development of lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) in relation to coronary, precerebral, or cerebral artery disease This prospective study (Malmö Diet and Cancer study) included 26,681 participants. The diagnosis of incident PAD, coronary artery disease (CoAD), atherothrombotic ischemic stroke (IS) free from atrial fibrillation or flutter, and carotid artery disease (CaAD) was validated. A modified Lunn-McNeil competing risk analysis was performed to compare the Hazard Ratio (HR) strength of PAD in relation to CoAD, IS, or CaAD. The estimated population attributable risk fractions (PAF) for each atherosclerotic manifestation were estimated by first fit an age and sex adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression, and then estimate the PAF using the Direct method. Male sex, age, and hypertension were risk factors for development of all atherosclerotic manifestations. Current smoking accounted for 45.6% (95% CI 41.1–47.2), 16.1%, 14.0%, and 23.3% of the risk for development of PAD, CoAD, IS, and CaAD, respectively. Hypertension was more associated with development of PAD than CoAD (p = 0.009). Smoking and diabetes mellitus were positively associated with all four manifestations, but these associations were significantly stronger for PAD than the other three manifestations. Smoking and diabetes mellitus had a larger impact on incident PAD than incident coronary, cerebral or precerebral artery manifestations. Since the lower extremity arteries are the easiest to access and examine, they may be considered as the first arterial bed to examine in patients at increased risk for atherosclerotic manifestations.

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author
; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Scientific Reports
volume
15
article number
3864
pages
1 - 10
publisher
Nature Publishing Group
external identifiers
  • pmid:39890872
  • scopus:85217732001
ISSN
2045-2322
DOI
10.1038/s41598-025-88516-0
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2025.
id
d4db117b-363b-45dc-afe6-65960b1322c5
date added to LUP
2025-03-14 12:28:57
date last changed
2025-07-05 07:44:53
@article{d4db117b-363b-45dc-afe6-65960b1322c5,
  abstract     = {{<p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the greatest drivers for development of lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) in relation to coronary, precerebral, or cerebral artery disease This prospective study (Malmö Diet and Cancer study) included 26,681 participants. The diagnosis of incident PAD, coronary artery disease (CoAD), atherothrombotic ischemic stroke (IS) free from atrial fibrillation or flutter, and carotid artery disease (CaAD) was validated. A modified Lunn-McNeil competing risk analysis was performed to compare the Hazard Ratio (HR) strength of PAD in relation to CoAD, IS, or CaAD. The estimated population attributable risk fractions (PAF) for each atherosclerotic manifestation were estimated by first fit an age and sex adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression, and then estimate the PAF using the Direct method. Male sex, age, and hypertension were risk factors for development of all atherosclerotic manifestations. Current smoking accounted for 45.6% (95% CI 41.1–47.2), 16.1%, 14.0%, and 23.3% of the risk for development of PAD, CoAD, IS, and CaAD, respectively. Hypertension was more associated with development of PAD than CoAD (p = 0.009). Smoking and diabetes mellitus were positively associated with all four manifestations, but these associations were significantly stronger for PAD than the other three manifestations. Smoking and diabetes mellitus had a larger impact on incident PAD than incident coronary, cerebral or precerebral artery manifestations. Since the lower extremity arteries are the easiest to access and examine, they may be considered as the first arterial bed to examine in patients at increased risk for atherosclerotic manifestations.</p>}},
  author       = {{Acosta, Stefan and Du, Yufeng and Borné, Yan and Gottsäter, Anders}},
  issn         = {{2045-2322}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{1--10}},
  publisher    = {{Nature Publishing Group}},
  series       = {{Scientific Reports}},
  title        = {{Differences in risk factor profiles for peripheral artery disease compared to coronary, cerebral and carotid artery}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88516-0}},
  doi          = {{10.1038/s41598-025-88516-0}},
  volume       = {{15}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}