Tilläggsstrukturer – meningar med kolon, tankstreck eller parentes – i svensk tidningstext
Katourgi, Alexander LU
(2026)
In Lundastudier i nordiska språk A
90.
- Abstract
- Sentence-internal punctuation marks – here the colon, dash and parenthesis – are not typically used to split a clause into smaller parts, but rather to delimit clause-external elements from the clause proper. This study uses these three punctuation marks as a starting point to identify and categorize such elements and the sentences containing them, here called supplement structures. Supplement structures consist of an initial or lateral frame, and its final or medial supplement. This linear model deviates from, and complements, previous descriptions of extra-clausal constituents, encompassing a wider range of grammatical constructions that only rarely have been jointly analysed in previous literature. For the most... (More)
- Sentence-internal punctuation marks – here the colon, dash and parenthesis – are not typically used to split a clause into smaller parts, but rather to delimit clause-external elements from the clause proper. This study uses these three punctuation marks as a starting point to identify and categorize such elements and the sentences containing them, here called supplement structures. Supplement structures consist of an initial or lateral frame, and its final or medial supplement. This linear model deviates from, and complements, previous descriptions of extra-clausal constituents, encompassing a wider range of grammatical constructions that only rarely have been jointly analysed in previous literature. For the most part, the two segments of the supplement structure are syntactically independent, and while both can be ascribed their own illocutionary force, one segment is pragmatically and semantically subsidiary to the other, typically by means of an anchor in the frame. It is in this relation that even non-clausal supplements gain their (typically assertive) illocutionary force.
The study aims to answer three questions: What characterizes the segments of the supplement structure, how do the segments relate to each other, and how do structures with different punctuation marks differ from each other? These questions are addressed from a syntactic as well as a text linguistic standpoint.
From a corpus of Swedish newspaper articles published in 2021, 1,536 supplement structures are identified by the presence of a colon, dash or parenthesis, and collected for analysis. The structures are analysed using a text-grammatical model based on systemic-functional grammar and related theories, and annotated for segment form, segment position, intersegmental integrability and semantic relation. This abductively constructed model proves a helpful tool for analysis of sub-sentential text units, which often have not been accounted for in previous models for text analysis. The material is eventually categorized into functional types, with different typologies per punctuation mark.
The typical supplement structure’s frame is a main clause, while its supplement is a noun phrase, quote, or another main clause – these three supplement forms strongly correlating with the punctuation marks parenthesis, colon and dash, respectively. The punctuation marks are also strongly linked to different semantic relations, with the colon typically marking not only citation but also metalinguistic remarks, the dash marking circumstantial or conjunctional relations (with the supplement often starting with a connective lexical item) and the parenthesis most often marking adnominal relations, including appositions – although this is common with all marks. (Less) - Abstract (Swedish)
- Meningsinterna skiljetecken – här kolon, tankstreck och parentes – används vanligtvis inte för att dela en sats i mindre delar, utan för att avgränsa satsexterna element från själva satsen. Den här studien utgår från dessa tre skiljetecken för att identifiera och kategorisera sådana element och de meningar de förekommer i, här kallade tilläggsstrukturer. Tilläggsstrukturer består av en initial eller lateral ram, och dess finala eller mediala tillägg. Den här linjära modellen avviker från, och kompletterar, tidigare beskrivningar av satsexterna konstituenter, och omfattar flera grammatiska konstruktioner som sällan har analyserats sammantaget i tidigare litteratur. I typfallet är tilläggsstrukturens två segment... (More)
- Meningsinterna skiljetecken – här kolon, tankstreck och parentes – används vanligtvis inte för att dela en sats i mindre delar, utan för att avgränsa satsexterna element från själva satsen. Den här studien utgår från dessa tre skiljetecken för att identifiera och kategorisera sådana element och de meningar de förekommer i, här kallade tilläggsstrukturer. Tilläggsstrukturer består av en initial eller lateral ram, och dess finala eller mediala tillägg. Den här linjära modellen avviker från, och kompletterar, tidigare beskrivningar av satsexterna konstituenter, och omfattar flera grammatiska konstruktioner som sällan har analyserats sammantaget i tidigare litteratur. I typfallet är tilläggsstrukturens två segment syntaktiskt självständiga och kan tillskrivas varsin språkhandlingskraft, men ett segment är pragmatiskt och semantiskt underordnat det andra, typiskt via ett ankare i ramen. Det är i denna relation som icke satsformade tillägg får sin (typiskt hävdande) språkhandlingskraft.
Studien försöker besvara tre frågor: Vad karakteriserar tilläggsstrukturens segment, hur relaterar segmenten till varandra, och hur skiljer sig strukturer med olika skiljetecken från varandra? Dessa frågor angrips ur syntaktiskt såväl som textlingvistiskt perspektiv.
I en korpus av svenska tidningsartiklar publicerade 2021 identifieras 1 536 tilläggsstrukturer på närvaron av kolon, tankstreck eller parentes, och sammanställs för analys. Strukturerna analyseras med en textgrammatisk modell baserad på systemisk-funktionell grammatik och relaterade teorier, och annoteras för segmentform, segmentposition, intersegmentell integrerbarhet och semantisk relation. Denna abduktivt konstruerade modell visar sig vara ett användbart redskap för analys av textenheter under meningsnivån, som ofta förbisetts i tidigare textanalysmodeller. Till sist kategoriseras materialet i funktionella typer, med olika typologier för varje skiljetecken.
Den typiska tilläggsstrukturens ram är en huvudsats, och dess tillägg är en nominalfras, ett citat eller en andra huvudsats – dessa tre tilläggsformer korrelerar starkt med skiljetecknen parentes, kolon respektive tankstreck. Skiljetecknen är också starkt kopplade till olika semantiska relationer: kolon markerar inte bara citering utan också metaspråkliga anmärkningar, tankstreck markerar cirkumstantiella eller konjunktionella relationer (med tillägg som ofta börjar med lexikala konnektorer) och parentes markerar oftast adnominella relationer, inklusive apposition – men det är vanligt hos alla skiljetecken.
(Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/f248def5-ec58-42bc-894a-713090379f66
- author
- Katourgi, Alexander
LU
- supervisor
-
- Lisa Holm LU
- Marit Julien LU
- Sanna Skärlund LU
- opponent
-
- professor Catharina Nyström Höög, Stockholms universitet
- organization
- alternative title
- Supplement structures – sentences with colons, dashes or parentheses – in Swedish newspaper text
- publishing date
- 2026-02-19
- type
- Thesis
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- apposition, parentes, satskomplex, satskonnektion, satsperiferi, kolon, konventionell implikatur, korpuslingvistik, tankstreck, ellips, satsexterna konstituenter, språkhandlingskraft, logiska metafunktionen, logiska betydelserelationer, inskott, skiljetecken, interpunktion, tillägg, systemisk-funktionell grammatik, textgrammatik, textlingvistik, apposition, brackets, clause complex, clause connection, clause periphery, colon, conventional implicature, corpus linguistics, dash, ellipsis, extra-clausal constituents, illocutionary force, logical metafunction, logico-semantic relations, parenthesis, parentheticals, punctuation, supplements, systemic-functional grammar, text grammar, text linguistics
- in
- Lundastudier i nordiska språk A
- volume
- 90
- pages
- 311 pages
- publisher
- Språk- och litteraturcentrum, Lunds universitet
- defense location
- LUX C121
- defense date
- 2026-03-20 10:15:00
- ISSN
- 0347-8971
- 0347-8971
- ISBN
- 978-91-90055-19-9
- 978-91-90055-18-2
- project
- Punctuation at the edges of the clause
- language
- Swedish
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- f248def5-ec58-42bc-894a-713090379f66
- date added to LUP
- 2026-02-18 11:46:54
- date last changed
- 2026-02-20 14:32:38
@phdthesis{f248def5-ec58-42bc-894a-713090379f66,
abstract = {{Sentence-internal punctuation marks – here the colon, dash and parenthesis – are not typically used to split a clause into smaller parts, but rather to delimit clause-external elements from the clause proper. This study uses these three punctuation marks as a starting point to identify and categorize such elements and the sentences containing them, here called <i>supplement structures</i>. Supplement structures consist of an initial or lateral <i>frame</i>, and its final or medial <i>supplement</i>. This linear model deviates from, and complements, previous descriptions of extra-clausal constituents, encompassing a wider range of grammatical constructions that only rarely have been jointly analysed in previous literature. For the most part, the two segments of the supplement structure are syntactically independent, and while both can be ascribed their own illocutionary force, one segment is pragmatically and semantically subsidiary to the other, typically by means of an <i>anchor</i> in the frame. It is in this relation that even non-clausal supplements gain their (typically assertive) illocutionary force.<br/> <br/>The study aims to answer three questions: What characterizes the segments of the supplement structure, how do the segments relate to each other, and how do structures with different punctuation marks differ from each other? These questions are addressed from a syntactic as well as a text linguistic standpoint. <br/><br/>From a corpus of Swedish newspaper articles published in 2021, 1,536 supplement structures are identified by the presence of a colon, dash or parenthesis, and collected for analysis. The structures are analysed using a text-grammatical model based on systemic-functional grammar and related theories, and annotated for segment form, segment position, intersegmental integrability and semantic relation. This abductively constructed model proves a helpful tool for analysis of sub-sentential text units, which often have not been accounted for in previous models for text analysis. The material is eventually categorized into functional types, with different typologies per punctuation mark. <br/><br/>The typical supplement structure’s frame is a main clause, while its supplement is a noun phrase, quote, or another main clause – these three supplement forms strongly correlating with the punctuation marks parenthesis, colon and dash, respectively. The punctuation marks are also strongly linked to different semantic relations, with the colon typically marking not only citation but also metalinguistic remarks, the dash marking circumstantial or conjunctional relations (with the supplement often starting with a connective lexical item) and the parenthesis most often marking adnominal relations, including appositions – although this is common with all marks.}},
author = {{Katourgi, Alexander}},
isbn = {{978-91-90055-19-9}},
issn = {{0347-8971}},
keywords = {{apposition; parentes; satskomplex; satskonnektion; satsperiferi; kolon; konventionell implikatur; korpuslingvistik; tankstreck; ellips; satsexterna konstituenter; språkhandlingskraft; logiska metafunktionen; logiska betydelserelationer; inskott; skiljetecken; interpunktion; tillägg; systemisk-funktionell grammatik; textgrammatik; textlingvistik; apposition; brackets; clause complex; clause connection; clause periphery; colon; conventional implicature; corpus linguistics; dash; ellipsis; extra-clausal constituents; illocutionary force; logical metafunction; logico-semantic relations; parenthesis; parentheticals; punctuation; supplements; systemic-functional grammar; text grammar; text linguistics}},
language = {{swe}},
month = {{02}},
publisher = {{Språk- och litteraturcentrum, Lunds universitet}},
school = {{Lund University}},
series = {{Lundastudier i nordiska språk A}},
title = {{Tilläggsstrukturer – meningar med kolon, tankstreck eller parentes – i svensk tidningstext}},
url = {{https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/files/242636112/Katourgi_2026_Till_ggsstrukturer.pdf}},
volume = {{90}},
year = {{2026}},
}