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Structures of apolipoprotein A-I in high density lipoprotein generated by electron microscopy and biased simulations

Zhu, Lin LU ; Petrlova, Jitka LU ; Gysbers, Peter ; Hebert, Hans LU ; Wallin, Stefan LU ; Jegerschöld, Caroline and Lagerstedt, Jens LU (2017) In Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - General Subjects 1861(11, Part A). p.2726-2738
Abstract

Background: Apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a key protein for the transport of cholesterol from the vascular wall to the liver. The formation and structure of nascent HDL, composed of apoA-I and phospholipids, is critical to this process. Methods: The HDL was assembled in vitro from apoA-I, cholesterol and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) at a 1:4:50 molar ratio. The structure of HDL was investigated in vitreous samples, frozen at cryogenic temperatures, as well as in negatively stained samples by transmission electron microscopy. Low resolution electron density maps were next used as restraints in biased Monte Carlo simulations of apolipoprotein A-I dimers, with an initial... (More)

Background: Apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a key protein for the transport of cholesterol from the vascular wall to the liver. The formation and structure of nascent HDL, composed of apoA-I and phospholipids, is critical to this process. Methods: The HDL was assembled in vitro from apoA-I, cholesterol and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) at a 1:4:50 molar ratio. The structure of HDL was investigated in vitreous samples, frozen at cryogenic temperatures, as well as in negatively stained samples by transmission electron microscopy. Low resolution electron density maps were next used as restraints in biased Monte Carlo simulations of apolipoprotein A-I dimers, with an initial structure derived from atomic resolution X-ray structures. Results: Two final apoA-I structure models for the full-length structure of apoA-I dimer in the lipid bound conformation were generated, showing a nearly circular, flat particle with an uneven particle thickness. Conclusions: The generated structures provide evidence for the discoidal, antiparallel arrangement of apoA-I in nascent HDL, and propose two preferred conformations of the flexible N-termini. General significance: The novel full-length structures of apoA-I dimers deepens the understanding to the structure-function relationship of nascent HDL with significance for the prevention of lipoprotein-related disease. The biased simulation method used in this study provides a powerful and convenient modelling tool with applicability for structural studies and modelling of other proteins and protein complexes.

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author
; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Apolipoprotein A-I, Biased simulations, Cryo-EM, HDL, Negative stain electron microscopy
in
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - General Subjects
volume
1861
issue
11, Part A
pages
2726 - 2738
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • pmid:28754383
  • wos:000415768500022
  • scopus:85026642644
ISSN
0304-4165
DOI
10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.07.017
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
f5df2928-a8a7-4a74-adae-0036feca22e4
date added to LUP
2017-08-31 16:59:25
date last changed
2024-03-17 19:59:53
@article{f5df2928-a8a7-4a74-adae-0036feca22e4,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background: Apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a key protein for the transport of cholesterol from the vascular wall to the liver. The formation and structure of nascent HDL, composed of apoA-I and phospholipids, is critical to this process. Methods: The HDL was assembled in vitro from apoA-I, cholesterol and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) at a 1:4:50 molar ratio. The structure of HDL was investigated in vitreous samples, frozen at cryogenic temperatures, as well as in negatively stained samples by transmission electron microscopy. Low resolution electron density maps were next used as restraints in biased Monte Carlo simulations of apolipoprotein A-I dimers, with an initial structure derived from atomic resolution X-ray structures. Results: Two final apoA-I structure models for the full-length structure of apoA-I dimer in the lipid bound conformation were generated, showing a nearly circular, flat particle with an uneven particle thickness. Conclusions: The generated structures provide evidence for the discoidal, antiparallel arrangement of apoA-I in nascent HDL, and propose two preferred conformations of the flexible N-termini. General significance: The novel full-length structures of apoA-I dimers deepens the understanding to the structure-function relationship of nascent HDL with significance for the prevention of lipoprotein-related disease. The biased simulation method used in this study provides a powerful and convenient modelling tool with applicability for structural studies and modelling of other proteins and protein complexes.</p>}},
  author       = {{Zhu, Lin and Petrlova, Jitka and Gysbers, Peter and Hebert, Hans and Wallin, Stefan and Jegerschöld, Caroline and Lagerstedt, Jens}},
  issn         = {{0304-4165}},
  keywords     = {{Apolipoprotein A-I; Biased simulations; Cryo-EM; HDL; Negative stain electron microscopy}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{11, Part A}},
  pages        = {{2726--2738}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - General Subjects}},
  title        = {{Structures of apolipoprotein A-I in high density lipoprotein generated by electron microscopy and biased simulations}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.07.017}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.07.017}},
  volume       = {{1861}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}