Quantitative relationships of perfluoroalkyl acids in drinking water associated with serum concentrations above background in adults living near contamination hotspots in Sweden
Johanson, Gunnar ; Gyllenhammar, Irina ; Ekstrand, Carl ; Pyko, Andrei ; Xu, Yiyi ; Li, Ying ; Norström, Karin ; Lilja, Karl ; Lindh, Christian LU
and Benskin, Jonathan P.
, et al.
(2023)
In Environmental Research
219.
- Abstract
Contaminated drinking water (DW) is a major source of exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) at locations around PFAS production/use facilities and military airports. This study aimed to investigate quantitative relationships between concentrations in DW and serum of nine perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in Swedish adult populations living near contamination hotspots. Short-chained (PFPeA, PFHxA, PFHpA, and PFBS) and long-chained PFAAs (PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFHxS and PFOS) were measured in DW and serum. We matched DW and serum concentrations for a total of 398 subjects living or working in areas receiving contaminated DW and in one non-contaminated area. Thereafter, linear regression analysis with and without adjustments for... (More)
Contaminated drinking water (DW) is a major source of exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) at locations around PFAS production/use facilities and military airports. This study aimed to investigate quantitative relationships between concentrations in DW and serum of nine perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in Swedish adult populations living near contamination hotspots. Short-chained (PFPeA, PFHxA, PFHpA, and PFBS) and long-chained PFAAs (PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFHxS and PFOS) were measured in DW and serum. We matched DW and serum concentrations for a total of 398 subjects living or working in areas receiving contaminated DW and in one non-contaminated area. Thereafter, linear regression analysis with and without adjustments for co-variates was conducted. This enabled to derive (i) serum concentrations at background exposure (CB) from sources other than local DW exposure (i.e. food, dust and textiles) at 0 ng/L DW concentration, (ii) population-mean PFAA serum:water ratios (SWR) and (iii) PFAA concentrations in DW causing observable elevated serum PFAA concentrations above background variability. Median concentrations of the sum of nine PFAAs ranged between 2.8 and 1790 ng/L in DW and between 7.6 and 96.9 ng/mL in serum. DW concentration was the strongest predictor, resulting in similar unadjusted and adjusted regression coefficients. Mean CB ranged from <0.1 (PFPeA, PFHpA, PFBS) to 5.1 ng/mL (PFOS). Serum concentrations increased significantly with increasing DW concentrations for all PFAAs except for PFPeA with SWRs ranging from <10 (PFHxA, PFHpA and PFBS) to 111 (PFHxS). Observed elevated serum concentrations above background variability were reached at DW concentrations between 24 (PFOA) and 357 ng/L (PFHxA). The unadjusted linear regression predictions agreed well with serum concentrations previously reported in various populations exposed to low and high DW levels of PFOA, PFHxS and PFOS. The quantitative relationships derived herein should be helpful to translate PFAA concentrations in DW to concentrations in serum at the population level.
(Less)
- author
- Johanson, Gunnar
; Gyllenhammar, Irina
; Ekstrand, Carl
; Pyko, Andrei
; Xu, Yiyi
; Li, Ying
; Norström, Karin
; Lilja, Karl
; Lindh, Christian
LU
and Benskin, Jonathan P.
, et al. (More)
- Johanson, Gunnar
; Gyllenhammar, Irina
; Ekstrand, Carl
; Pyko, Andrei
; Xu, Yiyi
; Li, Ying
; Norström, Karin
; Lilja, Karl
; Lindh, Christian
LU
; Benskin, Jonathan P.
; Georgelis, Antonios
; Forsell, Karl
; Jakobsson, Kristina
; Glynn, Anders
and Vogs, Carolina
(Less)
- organization
- publishing date
- 2023-02-15
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Bioaccumulation, Human biomonitoring, PFAS, Risk assessment, Tap water, Toxicokinetics
- in
- Environmental Research
- volume
- 219
- article number
- 115024
- publisher
- Elsevier
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:85144507033
- pmid:36535390
- ISSN
- 0013-9351
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115024
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 05639e66-9264-4bea-86c6-5d4cb82b1466
- date added to LUP
- 2023-02-02 09:14:38
- date last changed
- 2024-06-13 10:27:48
@article{05639e66-9264-4bea-86c6-5d4cb82b1466,
abstract = {{<p>Contaminated drinking water (DW) is a major source of exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) at locations around PFAS production/use facilities and military airports. This study aimed to investigate quantitative relationships between concentrations in DW and serum of nine perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in Swedish adult populations living near contamination hotspots. Short-chained (PFPeA, PFHxA, PFHpA, and PFBS) and long-chained PFAAs (PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFHxS and PFOS) were measured in DW and serum. We matched DW and serum concentrations for a total of 398 subjects living or working in areas receiving contaminated DW and in one non-contaminated area. Thereafter, linear regression analysis with and without adjustments for co-variates was conducted. This enabled to derive (i) serum concentrations at background exposure (C<sub>B</sub>) from sources other than local DW exposure (i.e. food, dust and textiles) at 0 ng/L DW concentration, (ii) population-mean PFAA serum:water ratios (SWR) and (iii) PFAA concentrations in DW causing observable elevated serum PFAA concentrations above background variability. Median concentrations of the sum of nine PFAAs ranged between 2.8 and 1790 ng/L in DW and between 7.6 and 96.9 ng/mL in serum. DW concentration was the strongest predictor, resulting in similar unadjusted and adjusted regression coefficients. Mean C<sub>B</sub> ranged from <0.1 (PFPeA, PFHpA, PFBS) to 5.1 ng/mL (PFOS). Serum concentrations increased significantly with increasing DW concentrations for all PFAAs except for PFPeA with SWRs ranging from <10 (PFHxA, PFHpA and PFBS) to 111 (PFHxS). Observed elevated serum concentrations above background variability were reached at DW concentrations between 24 (PFOA) and 357 ng/L (PFHxA). The unadjusted linear regression predictions agreed well with serum concentrations previously reported in various populations exposed to low and high DW levels of PFOA, PFHxS and PFOS. The quantitative relationships derived herein should be helpful to translate PFAA concentrations in DW to concentrations in serum at the population level.</p>}},
author = {{Johanson, Gunnar and Gyllenhammar, Irina and Ekstrand, Carl and Pyko, Andrei and Xu, Yiyi and Li, Ying and Norström, Karin and Lilja, Karl and Lindh, Christian and Benskin, Jonathan P. and Georgelis, Antonios and Forsell, Karl and Jakobsson, Kristina and Glynn, Anders and Vogs, Carolina}},
issn = {{0013-9351}},
keywords = {{Bioaccumulation; Human biomonitoring; PFAS; Risk assessment; Tap water; Toxicokinetics}},
language = {{eng}},
month = {{02}},
publisher = {{Elsevier}},
series = {{Environmental Research}},
title = {{Quantitative relationships of perfluoroalkyl acids in drinking water associated with serum concentrations above background in adults living near contamination hotspots in Sweden}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.115024}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.envres.2022.115024}},
volume = {{219}},
year = {{2023}},
}