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Mucin staining is of limited value in addition to basic immunohistochemical analyses in the diagnostics of non-small cell lung cancer

Micke, Patrick ; Botling, Johan ; Mattsson, Johanna Sofia Margareta ; Planck, Maria LU ; Tran, Lena ; Vidarsdottir, Halla LU ; Nodin, Björn LU ; Jirström, Karin LU orcid and Brunnström, Hans LU orcid (2019) In Scientific Reports 9(1).
Abstract

Accurate diagnosis of histological type is important for therapy selection in lung cancer. Immunohistochemical (IHC) and histochemical stains are often used to complement morphology for definite diagnosis and are incorporated in the WHO classification. Our main aim was to compare different mucin stains and assess their value in relation to common IHC analyses in lung cancer diagnostics. Using tissue microarrays from 657 surgically treated primary lung cancers, we evaluated the mucin stains periodic acid-Schiff with diastase (PASD), alcian blue–periodic acid-Schiff (ABPAS) and mucicarmine, and compared with the IHC markers p40, p63, cytokeratin 5, thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1), napsin A and cytokeratin 7. Ten or more cytoplasmic... (More)

Accurate diagnosis of histological type is important for therapy selection in lung cancer. Immunohistochemical (IHC) and histochemical stains are often used to complement morphology for definite diagnosis and are incorporated in the WHO classification. Our main aim was to compare different mucin stains and assess their value in relation to common IHC analyses in lung cancer diagnostics. Using tissue microarrays from 657 surgically treated primary lung cancers, we evaluated the mucin stains periodic acid-Schiff with diastase (PASD), alcian blue–periodic acid-Schiff (ABPAS) and mucicarmine, and compared with the IHC markers p40, p63, cytokeratin 5, thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1), napsin A and cytokeratin 7. Ten or more cytoplasmic mucin inclusions in a tissue microarray core were seen in 51%, 48% and 31% of the 416 adenocarcinomas and 3%, 4% and 0.5% of the 194 squamous cell carcinomas with PASD, ABPAS and mucicarmine, respectively. Diagnostic pitfalls, such as entrapped benign epithelium, apoptotic/necrotic cells and glycogen, partly differed for the mucin stains. TTF-1 and napsin A IHC stainings had similar specificity but better sensitivity for adenocarcinoma than the mucin stains, but addition of PASD or ABPAS identified more tumors as adenocarcinomas (n = 8 and n = 10, respectively) than napsin A (n = 1) in cases with solid growth that were negative for TTF-1 and p40. We conclude that PASD and ABPAS have similar diagnostic performance and that these markers are of value in poorly differentiated cases. However, morphology and TTF-1 and p40 IHC staining is sufficient for correct diagnosis in most non-small cell lung cancers.

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author
; ; ; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Scientific Reports
volume
9
issue
1
article number
1319
publisher
Nature Publishing Group
external identifiers
  • pmid:30718697
  • scopus:85061066953
ISSN
2045-2322
DOI
10.1038/s41598-018-37722-0
project
Histopathological and molecular diagnostics of lung cancer
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
08612288-a768-4fa5-9452-184694cf70cd
date added to LUP
2019-02-11 09:57:43
date last changed
2024-04-15 22:58:12
@article{08612288-a768-4fa5-9452-184694cf70cd,
  abstract     = {{<p>Accurate diagnosis of histological type is important for therapy selection in lung cancer. Immunohistochemical (IHC) and histochemical stains are often used to complement morphology for definite diagnosis and are incorporated in the WHO classification. Our main aim was to compare different mucin stains and assess their value in relation to common IHC analyses in lung cancer diagnostics. Using tissue microarrays from 657 surgically treated primary lung cancers, we evaluated the mucin stains periodic acid-Schiff with diastase (PASD), alcian blue–periodic acid-Schiff (ABPAS) and mucicarmine, and compared with the IHC markers p40, p63, cytokeratin 5, thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1), napsin A and cytokeratin 7. Ten or more cytoplasmic mucin inclusions in a tissue microarray core were seen in 51%, 48% and 31% of the 416 adenocarcinomas and 3%, 4% and 0.5% of the 194 squamous cell carcinomas with PASD, ABPAS and mucicarmine, respectively. Diagnostic pitfalls, such as entrapped benign epithelium, apoptotic/necrotic cells and glycogen, partly differed for the mucin stains. TTF-1 and napsin A IHC stainings had similar specificity but better sensitivity for adenocarcinoma than the mucin stains, but addition of PASD or ABPAS identified more tumors as adenocarcinomas (n = 8 and n = 10, respectively) than napsin A (n = 1) in cases with solid growth that were negative for TTF-1 and p40. We conclude that PASD and ABPAS have similar diagnostic performance and that these markers are of value in poorly differentiated cases. However, morphology and TTF-1 and p40 IHC staining is sufficient for correct diagnosis in most non-small cell lung cancers.</p>}},
  author       = {{Micke, Patrick and Botling, Johan and Mattsson, Johanna Sofia Margareta and Planck, Maria and Tran, Lena and Vidarsdottir, Halla and Nodin, Björn and Jirström, Karin and Brunnström, Hans}},
  issn         = {{2045-2322}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{12}},
  number       = {{1}},
  publisher    = {{Nature Publishing Group}},
  series       = {{Scientific Reports}},
  title        = {{Mucin staining is of limited value in addition to basic immunohistochemical analyses in the diagnostics of non-small cell lung cancer}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-37722-0}},
  doi          = {{10.1038/s41598-018-37722-0}},
  volume       = {{9}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}