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Physical activity, muscle function, falls and fractures.

Karlsson, Magnus LU ; Nordqvist, Anders LU and Karlsson, Caroline (2008) In Food & Nutrition Research 52.
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN: A thematic review. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate if physical activity enhances muscle strength, improves balance, and reduces the fall frequency and the fracture incidence. BACKGROUND: One of the major medical problems of today is the increasing incidence of fragility fractures. Muscle strength and fall is one of the major determinants of a fracture. If physical activity could increase muscle strength, improve balance and reduce the fall frequency, then training could be recommended as prevention for fractures. METHODS: The review used Medline (Pub Med) and the search words exercise, physical activity, muscle strength, balance, falls, fractures. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) were predominantly included, although this not is a... (More)
STUDY DESIGN: A thematic review. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate if physical activity enhances muscle strength, improves balance, and reduces the fall frequency and the fracture incidence. BACKGROUND: One of the major medical problems of today is the increasing incidence of fragility fractures. Muscle strength and fall is one of the major determinants of a fracture. If physical activity could increase muscle strength, improve balance and reduce the fall frequency, then training could be recommended as prevention for fractures. METHODS: The review used Medline (Pub Med) and the search words exercise, physical activity, muscle strength, balance, falls, fractures. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) were predominantly included, although this not is a systematic review. RESULTS: The evidence that physical activity modifies the risk factors for fall is compelling, although RCT with fractures as end point are lacking. Physical activity is associated with improved muscle strength, co-ordination and balance. Physical training increases muscle strength also in octogenarians by up to 200%, i.e. a much more pronounced effect than the corresponding increase in muscle volume or bone mass. There is also evidence that physical activity decreases the actual number of falls. Observational cohort and case-control studies imply that physical activity is associated with reduced hip fracture risk. If exercise reduces the number of vertebral fractures and other fragility fractures are less evaluated. CONCLUSIONS: Physical activity in older ages can be recommended to improve muscle strength and balance, to reduce the risk to fall and fractures, although the highest level of evidence - RCT with fracture as endpoint - is lacking. (Less)
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author
; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Food & Nutrition Research
volume
52
publisher
Co-Action Publishing
external identifiers
  • pmid:19158939
  • scopus:77649201268
  • pmid:19158939
ISSN
1654-661X
DOI
10.3402/fnr.v52i0.1920
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
63fdcfa9-30c7-4e61-827c-8a07dc381e6c (old id 1289418)
alternative location
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19158939?dopt=Abstract
date added to LUP
2016-04-04 09:42:58
date last changed
2022-02-06 04:40:03
@article{63fdcfa9-30c7-4e61-827c-8a07dc381e6c,
  abstract     = {{STUDY DESIGN: A thematic review. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate if physical activity enhances muscle strength, improves balance, and reduces the fall frequency and the fracture incidence. BACKGROUND: One of the major medical problems of today is the increasing incidence of fragility fractures. Muscle strength and fall is one of the major determinants of a fracture. If physical activity could increase muscle strength, improve balance and reduce the fall frequency, then training could be recommended as prevention for fractures. METHODS: The review used Medline (Pub Med) and the search words exercise, physical activity, muscle strength, balance, falls, fractures. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) were predominantly included, although this not is a systematic review. RESULTS: The evidence that physical activity modifies the risk factors for fall is compelling, although RCT with fractures as end point are lacking. Physical activity is associated with improved muscle strength, co-ordination and balance. Physical training increases muscle strength also in octogenarians by up to 200%, i.e. a much more pronounced effect than the corresponding increase in muscle volume or bone mass. There is also evidence that physical activity decreases the actual number of falls. Observational cohort and case-control studies imply that physical activity is associated with reduced hip fracture risk. If exercise reduces the number of vertebral fractures and other fragility fractures are less evaluated. CONCLUSIONS: Physical activity in older ages can be recommended to improve muscle strength and balance, to reduce the risk to fall and fractures, although the highest level of evidence - RCT with fracture as endpoint - is lacking.}},
  author       = {{Karlsson, Magnus and Nordqvist, Anders and Karlsson, Caroline}},
  issn         = {{1654-661X}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{12}},
  publisher    = {{Co-Action Publishing}},
  series       = {{Food & Nutrition Research}},
  title        = {{Physical activity, muscle function, falls and fractures.}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v52i0.1920}},
  doi          = {{10.3402/fnr.v52i0.1920}},
  volume       = {{52}},
  year         = {{2008}},
}