Paleolithic Diet in Type 2 Diabetes : Effects on glycaemic control when body weight is kept stable and on leptin
Fontes-Villalba, Maelán LU
(2025)
In Lund University, Faculty of Medicine Doctoral Dissertation Series
- Abstract
- Background: Previous studies indicate comparably greater improvement in glycaemic control from Paleolithic diet, possibly due to an accompanying greater reduction in body weight, which, in turn, could be due to an accompanying greater reduction in leptin.
Aims: To assess in type 2 diabetes the effect of Paleolithic diet on glycaemic control when body weight is kept stable and diets matched for macronutrients, glycaemic load and fibre (Papers I and II); and on leptin and leptin receptor binding (Papers III and IV).
Methods: Effect on glycaemic control was assessed in a crossover trial in 14 adults with type 2 diabetes comparing 1 month each of Paleolithic and diabetes diets matched for macronutrients, glycaemic load, and fibre, and... (More) - Background: Previous studies indicate comparably greater improvement in glycaemic control from Paleolithic diet, possibly due to an accompanying greater reduction in body weight, which, in turn, could be due to an accompanying greater reduction in leptin.
Aims: To assess in type 2 diabetes the effect of Paleolithic diet on glycaemic control when body weight is kept stable and diets matched for macronutrients, glycaemic load and fibre (Papers I and II); and on leptin and leptin receptor binding (Papers III and IV).
Methods: Effect on glycaemic control was assessed in a crossover trial in 14 adults with type 2 diabetes comparing 1 month each of Paleolithic and diabetes diets matched for macronutrients, glycaemic load, and fibre, and adjusted during study for body weight stability (Papers I and II). Fasting leptin and biologically active leptin (bioLep) were analysed in stored blood samples from a crossover trial in 13 adults with type 2 diabetes comparing 3 months each of Paleolithic and diabetes diets (Papers III and IV). BioLep was analysed for known recombinant leptin concentrations incubated with digested wheat gluten (Paper IV).
Results: Paleolithic diet did not result in comparably greater improvements in glycaemic control when body weight was kept stable and macronutrients and glycaemic load were matched (Papers I and II). Fasting leptin and bioLep were both comparably lower after Paleolithic diet with no difference between them (Papers III and IV). Wheat gluten digest inhibited leptin receptor binding, but not after heat treatment (Paper IV).
Conclusion: The findings indicate that the comparably greater improvement in glycaemic control from Paleolithic diet is due to the accompanying greater reduction in body weight. The findings also strengthen previous results of comparably greater reduction in leptin from Paleolithic diet and indicate that diet does not affect leptin receptor binding in the fasting state. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/19512126-778c-4fb4-82f2-2ad53b4dac50
- author
- Fontes-Villalba, Maelán
LU
- supervisor
- opponent
-
- Assistant Professor Otten, Julia, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- organization
- publishing date
- 2025
- type
- Thesis
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Type 2 Diabetes, Paleolithic diet, Glycaemic Control, Leptin, Body Weight Loss
- in
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine Doctoral Dissertation Series
- issue
- 2025:68
- pages
- 94 pages
- publisher
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine
- defense location
- Agardh föreläsningssal, CRC, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, Skånes Universitetssjukhus i Malmö. Join by Zoom: https://lu-se.zoom.us/j/62940218857
- defense date
- 2025-06-18 09:00:00
- ISSN
- 1652-8220
- ISBN
- 978-91-8021-721-7
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- no
- id
- 19512126-778c-4fb4-82f2-2ad53b4dac50
- date added to LUP
- 2025-04-17 23:20:37
- date last changed
- 2025-05-26 08:55:28
@phdthesis{19512126-778c-4fb4-82f2-2ad53b4dac50,
abstract = {{Background: Previous studies indicate comparably greater improvement in glycaemic control from Paleolithic diet, possibly due to an accompanying greater reduction in body weight, which, in turn, could be due to an accompanying greater reduction in leptin.<br/>Aims: To assess in type 2 diabetes the effect of Paleolithic diet on glycaemic control when body weight is kept stable and diets matched for macronutrients, glycaemic load and fibre (Papers I and II); and on leptin and leptin receptor binding (Papers III and IV).<br/>Methods: Effect on glycaemic control was assessed in a crossover trial in 14 adults with type 2 diabetes comparing 1 month each of Paleolithic and diabetes diets matched for macronutrients, glycaemic load, and fibre, and adjusted during study for body weight stability (Papers I and II). Fasting leptin and biologically active leptin (bioLep) were analysed in stored blood samples from a crossover trial in 13 adults with type 2 diabetes comparing 3 months each of Paleolithic and diabetes diets (Papers III and IV). BioLep was analysed for known recombinant leptin concentrations incubated with digested wheat gluten (Paper IV).<br/>Results: Paleolithic diet did not result in comparably greater improvements in glycaemic control when body weight was kept stable and macronutrients and glycaemic load were matched (Papers I and II). Fasting leptin and bioLep were both comparably lower after Paleolithic diet with no difference between them (Papers III and IV). Wheat gluten digest inhibited leptin receptor binding, but not after heat treatment (Paper IV).<br/>Conclusion: The findings indicate that the comparably greater improvement in glycaemic control from Paleolithic diet is due to the accompanying greater reduction in body weight. The findings also strengthen previous results of comparably greater reduction in leptin from Paleolithic diet and indicate that diet does not affect leptin receptor binding in the fasting state.}},
author = {{Fontes-Villalba, Maelán}},
isbn = {{978-91-8021-721-7}},
issn = {{1652-8220}},
keywords = {{Type 2 Diabetes; Paleolithic diet; Glycaemic Control; Leptin; Body Weight Loss}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{2025:68}},
publisher = {{Lund University, Faculty of Medicine}},
series = {{Lund University, Faculty of Medicine Doctoral Dissertation Series}},
title = {{Paleolithic Diet in Type 2 Diabetes : Effects on glycaemic control when body weight is kept stable and on leptin}},
url = {{https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/files/218606109/2025-06-18_Fontes-Villalba.pdf}},
year = {{2025}},
}