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Revisiting Bandwidth of D-Band Patch and Stacked Patch Antennas Using Modal Analysis

Cao, Yuyan LU orcid and Lau, Buon Kiong LU orcid (2026)
Abstract
A rectangular conducting patch can be configured as a wideband or narrowband antenna, depending on its placement on the ground plane. The feeding method and the presence of a stacked patch also significantly influence the impedance bandwidth. In this context, the paper revisits the operating principles of patch antennas from the perspective of characteristic mode analysis (CMA), with a focus on implementing the antenna on low-cost substrate in the D-band. The results show that the fundamental mode's bandwidth increases dramatically with the height of the substrate. Practical feeding with a microstrip line severely degrades the modal bandwidth but also introduces a new broadside mode. Adding a stacked patch enhances both modes' bandwidths... (More)
A rectangular conducting patch can be configured as a wideband or narrowband antenna, depending on its placement on the ground plane. The feeding method and the presence of a stacked patch also significantly influence the impedance bandwidth. In this context, the paper revisits the operating principles of patch antennas from the perspective of characteristic mode analysis (CMA), with a focus on implementing the antenna on low-cost substrate in the D-band. The results show that the fundamental mode's bandwidth increases dramatically with the height of the substrate. Practical feeding with a microstrip line severely degrades the modal bandwidth but also introduces a new broadside mode. Adding a stacked patch enhances both modes' bandwidths and enables joint excitation to achieve wideband dual-resonances, as demonstrated using a practical antenna design in full-wave simulation. Hence, CMA yields intuitive insight into the operation of patch and stacked patch antennas. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
and
organization
publishing date
type
Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding
publication status
published
subject
host publication
20th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2026)
pages
5 pages
publisher
European Association on Antennas and Propagation
DOI
10.23919/EuCAP68105.2026.11611945
project
A Dual-frequency Distributed MIMO Approach for Future 6G Applications
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
22f298b0-0d58-47d8-9775-3b9bb21099ed
date added to LUP
2026-08-20 14:00:25
date last changed
2026-08-31 09:22:36
@inproceedings{22f298b0-0d58-47d8-9775-3b9bb21099ed,
  abstract     = {{A rectangular conducting patch can be configured as a wideband or narrowband antenna, depending on its placement on the ground plane. The feeding method and the presence of a stacked patch also significantly influence the impedance bandwidth. In this context, the paper revisits the operating principles of patch antennas from the perspective of characteristic mode analysis (CMA), with a focus on implementing the antenna on low-cost substrate in the D-band. The results show that the fundamental mode's bandwidth increases dramatically with the height of the substrate. Practical feeding with a microstrip line severely degrades the modal bandwidth but also introduces a new broadside mode. Adding a stacked patch enhances both modes' bandwidths and enables joint excitation to achieve wideband dual-resonances, as demonstrated using a practical antenna design in full-wave simulation. Hence, CMA yields intuitive insight into the operation of patch and stacked patch antennas.}},
  author       = {{Cao, Yuyan and Lau, Buon Kiong}},
  booktitle    = {{20th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2026)}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{04}},
  publisher    = {{European Association on Antennas and Propagation}},
  title        = {{Revisiting Bandwidth of D-Band Patch and Stacked Patch Antennas Using Modal Analysis}},
  url          = {{https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/files/258555902/m15545.pdf}},
  doi          = {{10.23919/EuCAP68105.2026.11611945}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}