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Endurance-trained subjects and sedentary controls increase ventricular contractility and efficiency during exercise : Feasibility of hemodynamics assessed by non-invasive pressure-volume loops

Östenson, Björn LU orcid ; Ostenfeld, Ellen LU orcid ; Edlund, Jonathan LU orcid ; Heiberg, Einar LU ; Arheden, Håkan LU and Steding-Ehrenborg, Katarina LU (2023) In PLoS ONE 18(5 MAY).
Abstract

Introduction Pressure-volume (PV) loops can be used to assess both load-dependent and load-independent measures of cardiac hemodynamics. However, analysis of PV loops during exercise is challenging as it requires invasive measures. Using a novel method, it has been shown that left ventricular (LV) PV loops at rest can be obtained non-invasively from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and brachial pressures. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess if LV PV loops can be obtained non-invasively from CMR during exercise to assess cardiac hemodynamics. Methods Thirteen endurance trained (ET; median 48 years [IQR 34-60]) and ten age and sex matched sedentary controls (SC; 43 years [27-57]) were included. CMR images were acquired... (More)

Introduction Pressure-volume (PV) loops can be used to assess both load-dependent and load-independent measures of cardiac hemodynamics. However, analysis of PV loops during exercise is challenging as it requires invasive measures. Using a novel method, it has been shown that left ventricular (LV) PV loops at rest can be obtained non-invasively from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and brachial pressures. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess if LV PV loops can be obtained non-invasively from CMR during exercise to assess cardiac hemodynamics. Methods Thirteen endurance trained (ET; median 48 years [IQR 34-60]) and ten age and sex matched sedentary controls (SC; 43 years [27-57]) were included. CMR images were acquired at rest and during moderate intensity supine exercise defined as 60% of expected maximal heart rate. Brachial pressures were obtained in conjunction with image acquisition. Results Contractility measured as maximal ventricular elastance (Emax) increased in both groups during exercise (ET: 1.0 mmHg/ml [0.9-1.1] to 1.1 mmHg/ml [0.9-1.2], p<0.01; SC: 1.1 mmHg/ml [0.9-1.2] to 1.2 mmHg/ml [1.0-1.3], p<0.01). Ventricular efficiency (VE) increased in ET from 70% [66-73] at rest to 78% [75-80] (p<0.01) during exercise and in SC from 68% [63-72] to 75% [73-78] (p<0.01). Arterial elastance (EA) decreased in both groups (ET: 0.8 mmHg/ml [0.7-0.9] to 0.7 mmHg/ml [0.7-0.9], p<0.05; SC: 1.0 mmHg/ml [0.9-1.2] to 0.9 mmHg/ml [0.8-1.0], p<0.05). Ventricular-arterial coupling (EA/Emax) also decreased in both groups (ET: 0.9 [0.8-1.0] to 0.7 [0.6-0.8], p<0.01; SC: 1.0 [0.9-1.1] to 0.7 [0.7-0.8], p<0.01). Conclusions This study demonstrates for the first time that LV PV loops can be generated non-invasively during exercise using CMR. ET and SC increase ventricular efficiency and contractility and decrease afterload and ventricular-arterial coupling during moderate supine exercise. These results confirm known physiology. Therefore, this novel method is applicable to be used during exercise in different cardiac disease states, which has not been possible noninvasively before.

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Contribution to journal
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published
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PLoS ONE
volume
18
issue
5 MAY
article number
e0285592
publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
external identifiers
  • pmid:37163493
  • scopus:85158899976
ISSN
1932-6203
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0285592
language
English
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yes
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237467b4-e503-4765-a1dc-da26ad1c8732
date added to LUP
2023-08-15 13:08:07
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2024-04-20 00:38:58
@article{237467b4-e503-4765-a1dc-da26ad1c8732,
  abstract     = {{<p>Introduction Pressure-volume (PV) loops can be used to assess both load-dependent and load-independent measures of cardiac hemodynamics. However, analysis of PV loops during exercise is challenging as it requires invasive measures. Using a novel method, it has been shown that left ventricular (LV) PV loops at rest can be obtained non-invasively from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and brachial pressures. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess if LV PV loops can be obtained non-invasively from CMR during exercise to assess cardiac hemodynamics. Methods Thirteen endurance trained (ET; median 48 years [IQR 34-60]) and ten age and sex matched sedentary controls (SC; 43 years [27-57]) were included. CMR images were acquired at rest and during moderate intensity supine exercise defined as 60% of expected maximal heart rate. Brachial pressures were obtained in conjunction with image acquisition. Results Contractility measured as maximal ventricular elastance (Emax) increased in both groups during exercise (ET: 1.0 mmHg/ml [0.9-1.1] to 1.1 mmHg/ml [0.9-1.2], p&lt;0.01; SC: 1.1 mmHg/ml [0.9-1.2] to 1.2 mmHg/ml [1.0-1.3], p&lt;0.01). Ventricular efficiency (VE) increased in ET from 70% [66-73] at rest to 78% [75-80] (p&lt;0.01) during exercise and in SC from 68% [63-72] to 75% [73-78] (p&lt;0.01). Arterial elastance (EA) decreased in both groups (ET: 0.8 mmHg/ml [0.7-0.9] to 0.7 mmHg/ml [0.7-0.9], p&lt;0.05; SC: 1.0 mmHg/ml [0.9-1.2] to 0.9 mmHg/ml [0.8-1.0], p&lt;0.05). Ventricular-arterial coupling (EA/Emax) also decreased in both groups (ET: 0.9 [0.8-1.0] to 0.7 [0.6-0.8], p&lt;0.01; SC: 1.0 [0.9-1.1] to 0.7 [0.7-0.8], p&lt;0.01). Conclusions This study demonstrates for the first time that LV PV loops can be generated non-invasively during exercise using CMR. ET and SC increase ventricular efficiency and contractility and decrease afterload and ventricular-arterial coupling during moderate supine exercise. These results confirm known physiology. Therefore, this novel method is applicable to be used during exercise in different cardiac disease states, which has not been possible noninvasively before.</p>}},
  author       = {{Östenson, Björn and Ostenfeld, Ellen and Edlund, Jonathan and Heiberg, Einar and Arheden, Håkan and Steding-Ehrenborg, Katarina}},
  issn         = {{1932-6203}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{5 MAY}},
  publisher    = {{Public Library of Science (PLoS)}},
  series       = {{PLoS ONE}},
  title        = {{Endurance-trained subjects and sedentary controls increase ventricular contractility and efficiency during exercise : Feasibility of hemodynamics assessed by non-invasive pressure-volume loops}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0285592}},
  doi          = {{10.1371/journal.pone.0285592}},
  volume       = {{18}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}