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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and male reproductive function in young adulthood; a cross-sectional study

Petersen, Kajsa Ugelvig ; Hærvig, Katia Keglberg ; Flachs, Esben Meulengracht ; Bonde, Jens Peter ; Lindh, Christian LU orcid ; Hougaard, Karin Sørig ; Toft, Gunnar ; Ramlau-Hansen, Cecilia Høst and Tøttenborg, Sandra Søgaard (2022) In Environmental Research 212.
Abstract

Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large family of persistent industrial chemicals with endocrine disrupting properties. Objectives: To examine biomarkers of reproductive function in young adult males according to current environmental exposure to single and combined PFAS. Methods: The study population consisted of young men (n = 1041, age 18–21) from the Fetal Programming of Semen Quality (FEPOS) cohort. These men were recruited from pregnancies included in the Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC) between 1996 and 2002. From 2017 to 2019, participants answered an online questionnaire, completed a clinical examination and provided a blood and a semen sample. Exposure to 15 PFAS was measured in plasma. Six... (More)

Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large family of persistent industrial chemicals with endocrine disrupting properties. Objectives: To examine biomarkers of reproductive function in young adult males according to current environmental exposure to single and combined PFAS. Methods: The study population consisted of young men (n = 1041, age 18–21) from the Fetal Programming of Semen Quality (FEPOS) cohort. These men were recruited from pregnancies included in the Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC) between 1996 and 2002. From 2017 to 2019, participants answered an online questionnaire, completed a clinical examination and provided a blood and a semen sample. Exposure to 15 PFAS was measured in plasma. Six compounds were quantified above the limit of detection in at least 80% of the participants. We applied negative binomial regression and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression models to assess associations between single and combined exposure to PFAS and measures of semen quality, testicular volume and reproductive hormones among the young men. Results: We found no consistent associations between plasma concentrations of PFAS, semen quality and testicular volume. Higher levels of single and combined PFAS were associated with slightly higher levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (WQS 4% difference, 95% confidence interval: 0, 9). Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was the main contributor to this finding with positive signals also from perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS). Discussion: We examined exposure to a range of common PFAS in relation to biomarkers of male reproductive function and found an association with higher levels of FSH among young men from the general population in Denmark. Further studies on especially combined exposure to PFAS are needed to expand our understanding of potential endocrine disruption from both legacy and emerging compounds in relation to male reproductive function.

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author
; ; ; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Cross-sectional, Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), Male infertility, Reproductive hormones, Semen quality
in
Environmental Research
volume
212
article number
113157
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • scopus:85126867081
  • pmid:35318009
ISSN
0013-9351
DOI
10.1016/j.envres.2022.113157
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
3f143922-b607-4711-8bf0-e46cf6f067f1
date added to LUP
2022-04-19 11:34:15
date last changed
2024-06-15 18:39:51
@article{3f143922-b607-4711-8bf0-e46cf6f067f1,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large family of persistent industrial chemicals with endocrine disrupting properties. Objectives: To examine biomarkers of reproductive function in young adult males according to current environmental exposure to single and combined PFAS. Methods: The study population consisted of young men (n = 1041, age 18–21) from the Fetal Programming of Semen Quality (FEPOS) cohort. These men were recruited from pregnancies included in the Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC) between 1996 and 2002. From 2017 to 2019, participants answered an online questionnaire, completed a clinical examination and provided a blood and a semen sample. Exposure to 15 PFAS was measured in plasma. Six compounds were quantified above the limit of detection in at least 80% of the participants. We applied negative binomial regression and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression models to assess associations between single and combined exposure to PFAS and measures of semen quality, testicular volume and reproductive hormones among the young men. Results: We found no consistent associations between plasma concentrations of PFAS, semen quality and testicular volume. Higher levels of single and combined PFAS were associated with slightly higher levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (WQS 4% difference, 95% confidence interval: 0, 9). Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was the main contributor to this finding with positive signals also from perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS). Discussion: We examined exposure to a range of common PFAS in relation to biomarkers of male reproductive function and found an association with higher levels of FSH among young men from the general population in Denmark. Further studies on especially combined exposure to PFAS are needed to expand our understanding of potential endocrine disruption from both legacy and emerging compounds in relation to male reproductive function.</p>}},
  author       = {{Petersen, Kajsa Ugelvig and Hærvig, Katia Keglberg and Flachs, Esben Meulengracht and Bonde, Jens Peter and Lindh, Christian and Hougaard, Karin Sørig and Toft, Gunnar and Ramlau-Hansen, Cecilia Høst and Tøttenborg, Sandra Søgaard}},
  issn         = {{0013-9351}},
  keywords     = {{Cross-sectional; Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs); Male infertility; Reproductive hormones; Semen quality}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Environmental Research}},
  title        = {{Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and male reproductive function in young adulthood; a cross-sectional study}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.113157}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.envres.2022.113157}},
  volume       = {{212}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}