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Influence of family history on risk of second primary cancers and survival in patients with squamous cell skin cancer

Chattopadhyay, S. LU orcid ; Zheng, G. LU ; Hemminki, A. ; Försti, A. LU ; Sundquist, K. LU ; Sundquist, J. LU and Hemminki, K. LU (2020) In British Journal of Dermatology 183(3). p.488-494
Abstract

Background: Patients with squamous cell skin cancer (SCC) have an excellent prognosis but second primary cancers (SPCs) weaken survival prospects. Family history is a known risk factor for cancer but whether it is a risk factor for SPC in patients with SCC is not known. Objectives: To quantify the risk of family history on SPCs in patients with SCC and estimate survival probabilities of patients with SPCs depending on family history. Methods: With 13 945 histologically verified SCCs, relative risks (RRs) were estimated for family history using a generalized regression model. For survival analysis, hazard ratios (HRs) were assessed using a multivariable Cox proportional-hazards model. Results: Family history of invasive SCC increased... (More)

Background: Patients with squamous cell skin cancer (SCC) have an excellent prognosis but second primary cancers (SPCs) weaken survival prospects. Family history is a known risk factor for cancer but whether it is a risk factor for SPC in patients with SCC is not known. Objectives: To quantify the risk of family history on SPCs in patients with SCC and estimate survival probabilities of patients with SPCs depending on family history. Methods: With 13 945 histologically verified SCCs, relative risks (RRs) were estimated for family history using a generalized regression model. For survival analysis, hazard ratios (HRs) were assessed using a multivariable Cox proportional-hazards model. Results: Family history of invasive SCC increased risk of second invasive SCC [RR = 42·92, 95% confidence interval (CI) 33·69–50·32] compared with risk without family history (RR 19·12, 95% CI 17·88–21·08). Family history of any nonskin cancer in invasive SCC increased risk of the same cancers to be diagnosed as SPC (RRFH = 1·48, 95% CI 1·35–1·61 vs. RRno FH = 1·40, 95% CI 1·32–1·48); significant increases were observed for seven different nonskin cancers. Most results were replicated for in situ SCC. SPC was deleterious for survival irrespective of family history; HR for patients with SPC was 4·28 (95% CI 3·83–4·72) vs. those without SPC (1·04). Conclusions: Family history of nonskin cancer was associated with approximately a doubling of risk for SPCs in patients with SCC. SPC increases the death rate in patients with SCC 3–4 times, irrespective of family history. Taking family history into account at SCC diagnosis may help prevention or early detection of SPCs. What's already known about this topic? Second primary cancers (SPCs) are frequently diagnosed in patients with invasive and in situ squamous cell carcinoma (SCC); some epidemiological studies suggest a link to immune dysfunction. Family history of cancer is a risk factor for practically all first primary cancers but whether it also influences risk of SPCs in patients with SCC is not known. The possible influence of family history on survival in patients with SCC remains to be established.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
British Journal of Dermatology
volume
183
issue
3
pages
7 pages
publisher
Wiley-Blackwell
external identifiers
  • pmid:31853941
  • scopus:85079416343
ISSN
0007-0963
DOI
10.1111/bjd.18809
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
440b7948-37a4-4850-86c8-a3b93d46e793
date added to LUP
2020-02-24 16:10:43
date last changed
2024-08-07 14:46:07
@article{440b7948-37a4-4850-86c8-a3b93d46e793,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background: Patients with squamous cell skin cancer (SCC) have an excellent prognosis but second primary cancers (SPCs) weaken survival prospects. Family history is a known risk factor for cancer but whether it is a risk factor for SPC in patients with SCC is not known. Objectives: To quantify the risk of family history on SPCs in patients with SCC and estimate survival probabilities of patients with SPCs depending on family history. Methods: With 13 945 histologically verified SCCs, relative risks (RRs) were estimated for family history using a generalized regression model. For survival analysis, hazard ratios (HRs) were assessed using a multivariable Cox proportional-hazards model. Results: Family history of invasive SCC increased risk of second invasive SCC [RR = 42·92, 95% confidence interval (CI) 33·69–50·32] compared with risk without family history (RR 19·12, 95% CI 17·88–21·08). Family history of any nonskin cancer in invasive SCC increased risk of the same cancers to be diagnosed as SPC (RRF<sub>H</sub> = 1·48, 95% CI 1·35–1·61 vs. RR<sub>no FH</sub> = 1·40, 95% CI 1·32–1·48); significant increases were observed for seven different nonskin cancers. Most results were replicated for in situ SCC. SPC was deleterious for survival irrespective of family history; HR for patients with SPC was 4·28 (95% CI 3·83–4·72) vs. those without SPC (1·04). Conclusions: Family history of nonskin cancer was associated with approximately a doubling of risk for SPCs in patients with SCC. SPC increases the death rate in patients with SCC 3–4 times, irrespective of family history. Taking family history into account at SCC diagnosis may help prevention or early detection of SPCs. What's already known about this topic? Second primary cancers (SPCs) are frequently diagnosed in patients with invasive and in situ squamous cell carcinoma (SCC); some epidemiological studies suggest a link to immune dysfunction. Family history of cancer is a risk factor for practically all first primary cancers but whether it also influences risk of SPCs in patients with SCC is not known. The possible influence of family history on survival in patients with SCC remains to be established.</p>}},
  author       = {{Chattopadhyay, S. and Zheng, G. and Hemminki, A. and Försti, A. and Sundquist, K. and Sundquist, J. and Hemminki, K.}},
  issn         = {{0007-0963}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{488--494}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley-Blackwell}},
  series       = {{British Journal of Dermatology}},
  title        = {{Influence of family history on risk of second primary cancers and survival in patients with squamous cell skin cancer}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bjd.18809}},
  doi          = {{10.1111/bjd.18809}},
  volume       = {{183}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}