Characterization of Hairdresser Exposure to Airborne Particles during Hair Bleaching.
Nilsson, Patrik LU ; Marini, Sara ; Wierzbicka, Aneta LU
; Kåredal, Monica
LU
; Blomgren, Eva
; Nielsen, Jörn
LU
; Buonanno, Giorgio
and Gudmundsson, Anders
LU
(2016)
In Annals of Occupational Hygiene
60(1).
p.90-100
- Abstract
- Respiratory symptoms among hairdressers are often ascribed to the use of bleaching powders that contain persulfate salts. Such salts can act as allergens and airway irritants but the mechanisms behind the negative health effects are not fully known. In order to understand why some hairdressers experience respiratory symptoms during, and after, sessions of hair bleaching, it is of importance to characterize how exposure occurs. In this work we used time and particle size resolved instrumentation with the aim to measure the concentration of particles that hairdressers are exposed to during sessions of hair bleaching. We also used filter samples to collect particles for quantitative determination of persulfate (S2O8 (2-)) content and for... (More)
- Respiratory symptoms among hairdressers are often ascribed to the use of bleaching powders that contain persulfate salts. Such salts can act as allergens and airway irritants but the mechanisms behind the negative health effects are not fully known. In order to understand why some hairdressers experience respiratory symptoms during, and after, sessions of hair bleaching, it is of importance to characterize how exposure occurs. In this work we used time and particle size resolved instrumentation with the aim to measure the concentration of particles that hairdressers are exposed to during sessions of hair bleaching. We also used filter samples to collect particles for quantitative determination of persulfate (S2O8 (2-)) content and for analysis by light microscopy. Two different types of bleaching powders were used, one marked as dust-free and one without this marking (denoted regular). The time resolved instrumentation revealed that particles <10 µm were emitted, specifically when the regular powder was prepared and mixed with hydrogen peroxide. In contrast to other research our work also revealed that supercoarse particles (>10 µm) were emitted during application of the bleaching, when both the regular and the dust-free powders were used. The measured level of persulfate, sampled in the breathing zone of the hairdressers, was on average 26 µg m(-3) when the regular powder was used and 11 µg m(-3) when the dust-free powder was used. This indicates that use of dust-free powder does not eliminate exposure to persulfates, it only lowers the concentration. We show that the site of sampling, or position of the hairdresser with regards to the hair being bleached, is of high importance in the determination of persulfate levels and exposure. This work focuses on the physical and chemical characterization of the particles released to the air and the results are important for accurate exposure assessments. Accurate assessments may in turn lead to a better understanding of why some hairdressers experience respiratory symptoms from hair bleaching sessions. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/8041990
- author
- Nilsson, Patrik
LU
; Marini, Sara
; Wierzbicka, Aneta
LU
; Kåredal, Monica
LU
; Blomgren, Eva
; Nielsen, Jörn
LU
; Buonanno, Giorgio
and Gudmundsson, Anders
LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2016
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- in
- Annals of Occupational Hygiene
- volume
- 60
- issue
- 1
- pages
- 90 - 100
- publisher
- Oxford University Press
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:26371279
- scopus:84960344145
- wos:000369997400008
- pmid:26371279
- ISSN
- 1475-3162
- DOI
- 10.1093/annhyg/mev063
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 4acfc569-7443-4e85-a178-d207219ded1e (old id 8041990)
- alternative location
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26371279?dopt=Abstract
- date added to LUP
- 2016-04-04 09:22:51
- date last changed
- 2022-04-15 23:05:10
@article{4acfc569-7443-4e85-a178-d207219ded1e,
abstract = {{Respiratory symptoms among hairdressers are often ascribed to the use of bleaching powders that contain persulfate salts. Such salts can act as allergens and airway irritants but the mechanisms behind the negative health effects are not fully known. In order to understand why some hairdressers experience respiratory symptoms during, and after, sessions of hair bleaching, it is of importance to characterize how exposure occurs. In this work we used time and particle size resolved instrumentation with the aim to measure the concentration of particles that hairdressers are exposed to during sessions of hair bleaching. We also used filter samples to collect particles for quantitative determination of persulfate (S2O8 (2-)) content and for analysis by light microscopy. Two different types of bleaching powders were used, one marked as dust-free and one without this marking (denoted regular). The time resolved instrumentation revealed that particles <10 µm were emitted, specifically when the regular powder was prepared and mixed with hydrogen peroxide. In contrast to other research our work also revealed that supercoarse particles (>10 µm) were emitted during application of the bleaching, when both the regular and the dust-free powders were used. The measured level of persulfate, sampled in the breathing zone of the hairdressers, was on average 26 µg m(-3) when the regular powder was used and 11 µg m(-3) when the dust-free powder was used. This indicates that use of dust-free powder does not eliminate exposure to persulfates, it only lowers the concentration. We show that the site of sampling, or position of the hairdresser with regards to the hair being bleached, is of high importance in the determination of persulfate levels and exposure. This work focuses on the physical and chemical characterization of the particles released to the air and the results are important for accurate exposure assessments. Accurate assessments may in turn lead to a better understanding of why some hairdressers experience respiratory symptoms from hair bleaching sessions.}},
author = {{Nilsson, Patrik and Marini, Sara and Wierzbicka, Aneta and Kåredal, Monica and Blomgren, Eva and Nielsen, Jörn and Buonanno, Giorgio and Gudmundsson, Anders}},
issn = {{1475-3162}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{1}},
pages = {{90--100}},
publisher = {{Oxford University Press}},
series = {{Annals of Occupational Hygiene}},
title = {{Characterization of Hairdresser Exposure to Airborne Particles during Hair Bleaching.}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annhyg/mev063}},
doi = {{10.1093/annhyg/mev063}},
volume = {{60}},
year = {{2016}},
}