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Engineering xylose and arabinose metabolism in recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Karhumaa, Kaisa LU (2006)
Abstract
Utilization of all sugars in lignocellulose hydrolysates is a prerequisite for economically feasible bioethanol production. The yeast commonly used for industrial ethanol production, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is naturally unable to utilize pentose sugars xylose and arabinose, which constitute a large fraction of many lignocellulosic materials. Xylose utilization by S. cerevisiae can be achieved by heterologous expression of a xylose utilization pathway, consisting either of xylose reductase (XR), xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH) and xylulokinase (XK), or alternatively, of xylose isomerase (XI) and XK. Xylitol formed by XR is a major by-product in xylose fermentation when using the XR-XDH pathway. In this thesis, high-level expression of both XR... (More)
Utilization of all sugars in lignocellulose hydrolysates is a prerequisite for economically feasible bioethanol production. The yeast commonly used for industrial ethanol production, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is naturally unable to utilize pentose sugars xylose and arabinose, which constitute a large fraction of many lignocellulosic materials. Xylose utilization by S. cerevisiae can be achieved by heterologous expression of a xylose utilization pathway, consisting either of xylose reductase (XR), xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH) and xylulokinase (XK), or alternatively, of xylose isomerase (XI) and XK. Xylitol formed by XR is a major by-product in xylose fermentation when using the XR-XDH pathway. In this thesis, high-level expression of both XR and XDH was shown to decrease xylitol formation. The influence of other genetic modifications was also evaluated. It was shown that the overexpression of the non-oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) genes enables efficient growth on xylose and xylose fermentation, provided that the initial xylose pathway is expressed at a high level. When comparing the two xylose utilization pathways, higher ethanol productivity was achieved using the XR-XDH pathway, whereas higher ethanol yield was achieved with the XI pathway. The industrial xylose-fermenting S. cerevisiae strain TMB 3400, which has been previously generated by mutagenesis and selection, was tested for fermentation of lignocellulose hydrolysate. TMB 3400 displayed significantly better fermentation performance compared to the laboratory strains tested, highlighting the need for robust industrial strains in lignocellulose fermentation. TMB 3400 was also characterized by proteome analysis using difference in-gel 2-D electrophoresis. Consistently with the results obtained in other studies, increased activities of XR, XDH and a PPP enzyme TKL were found. The bacterial arabinose utilization pathway was introduced into TMB 3400, which resulted in the novel glucose, xylose and arabinose co-fermenting strain TMB 3063, with ethanol, xylitol and arabitol as the main fermentation products. (Less)
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author
supervisor
opponent
  • Professor Ingram, Lonnie O., University of Florida
organization
publishing date
type
Thesis
publication status
published
subject
keywords
virologi, bakteriologi, mycology, Mikrobiologi, bacteriology, 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', arabinose, xylose, fermentation, lignocellulose, yeast, mykologi, Biochemical technology, Biokemisk teknik, virology, Microbiology, ethanol
publisher
Department of Applied Microbiology, Lund University
defense location
Kemicentrum, Getingevägen 60, Hörsal B
defense date
2006-11-17 13:15:00
ISBN
978-91-628-6823-9
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
a6795806-54f9-40d7-b5fe-8f62071c3eef (old id 547445)
date added to LUP
2016-04-04 12:08:51
date last changed
2018-11-21 21:09:16
@phdthesis{a6795806-54f9-40d7-b5fe-8f62071c3eef,
  abstract     = {{Utilization of all sugars in lignocellulose hydrolysates is a prerequisite for economically feasible bioethanol production. The yeast commonly used for industrial ethanol production, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is naturally unable to utilize pentose sugars xylose and arabinose, which constitute a large fraction of many lignocellulosic materials. Xylose utilization by S. cerevisiae can be achieved by heterologous expression of a xylose utilization pathway, consisting either of xylose reductase (XR), xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH) and xylulokinase (XK), or alternatively, of xylose isomerase (XI) and XK. Xylitol formed by XR is a major by-product in xylose fermentation when using the XR-XDH pathway. In this thesis, high-level expression of both XR and XDH was shown to decrease xylitol formation. The influence of other genetic modifications was also evaluated. It was shown that the overexpression of the non-oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) genes enables efficient growth on xylose and xylose fermentation, provided that the initial xylose pathway is expressed at a high level. When comparing the two xylose utilization pathways, higher ethanol productivity was achieved using the XR-XDH pathway, whereas higher ethanol yield was achieved with the XI pathway. The industrial xylose-fermenting S. cerevisiae strain TMB 3400, which has been previously generated by mutagenesis and selection, was tested for fermentation of lignocellulose hydrolysate. TMB 3400 displayed significantly better fermentation performance compared to the laboratory strains tested, highlighting the need for robust industrial strains in lignocellulose fermentation. TMB 3400 was also characterized by proteome analysis using difference in-gel 2-D electrophoresis. Consistently with the results obtained in other studies, increased activities of XR, XDH and a PPP enzyme TKL were found. The bacterial arabinose utilization pathway was introduced into TMB 3400, which resulted in the novel glucose, xylose and arabinose co-fermenting strain TMB 3063, with ethanol, xylitol and arabitol as the main fermentation products.}},
  author       = {{Karhumaa, Kaisa}},
  isbn         = {{978-91-628-6823-9}},
  keywords     = {{virologi; bakteriologi; mycology; Mikrobiologi; bacteriology; 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae'; arabinose; xylose; fermentation; lignocellulose; yeast; mykologi; Biochemical technology; Biokemisk teknik; virology; Microbiology; ethanol}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Department of Applied Microbiology, Lund University}},
  school       = {{Lund University}},
  title        = {{Engineering xylose and arabinose metabolism in recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae}},
  year         = {{2006}},
}