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Adherence to dietary guidelines, and the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis-results from a nested case-control study

Bäcklund, Rebecka LU ; Drake, Isabel LU ; Bergström, Ulf LU ; Compagno, Michele LU ; Sonestedt, Emily LU orcid and Turesson, Carl LU (2023) In Rheumatology (Oxford, England)
Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To examine the relation between adherence to dietary guidelines and the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

METHODS: Participants in the Malmö Diet and Cancer study (MDCS) cohort diagnosed with RA were identified through register linkage and validated in a structured review. Four controls per case were selected, matched for sex, year of birth, and year of inclusion in the MDCS. Diet was assessed at baseline (1991-1996) using a validated diet history method. A Diet Quality Index (DQI) based on adherence to the Swedish dietary guidelines including intakes of fibre, vegetables and fruits, fish and shellfish, saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, and sucrose, was used. The associations between the DQI and its... (More)

OBJECTIVES: To examine the relation between adherence to dietary guidelines and the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

METHODS: Participants in the Malmö Diet and Cancer study (MDCS) cohort diagnosed with RA were identified through register linkage and validated in a structured review. Four controls per case were selected, matched for sex, year of birth, and year of inclusion in the MDCS. Diet was assessed at baseline (1991-1996) using a validated diet history method. A Diet Quality Index (DQI) based on adherence to the Swedish dietary guidelines including intakes of fibre, vegetables and fruits, fish and shellfish, saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, and sucrose, was used. The associations between the DQI and its components and the risk of RA were assessed using conditional logistic regression analysis, adjusting for total energy intake, smoking, leisure time physical activity and alcohol consumption.

RESULTS: We identified 172 validated cases of incident RA in the cohort. Overall adherence to the dietary guidelines was not associated with the risk of RA. Adherence to recommended fibre intake was associated with decreased risk of RA in crude and multivariable-adjusted analyses, with odds ratios (ORs) 0.60 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.39-0.93), and 0.51 (95% CI 0.29-0.90), respectively, compared with subjects with non-adherence.

CONCLUSIONS: Reaching the recommended intake level of dietary fibre, but not overall diet quality, was independently associated with decreased risk of RA. Further studies are needed to assess the role of different food sources of dietary fibre in relation to risk of RA and the underlying mechanisms.

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author
; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
epub
subject
in
Rheumatology (Oxford, England)
article number
kead216
publisher
Oxford University Press
external identifiers
  • scopus:85184490660
  • pmid:37184858
ISSN
1462-0332
DOI
10.1093/rheumatology/kead216
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
579cbb75-d1a1-465f-a59e-2442f3712c2e
date added to LUP
2023-05-30 10:26:30
date last changed
2024-06-29 14:13:29
@article{579cbb75-d1a1-465f-a59e-2442f3712c2e,
  abstract     = {{<p>OBJECTIVES: To examine the relation between adherence to dietary guidelines and the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA).</p><p>METHODS: Participants in the Malmö Diet and Cancer study (MDCS) cohort diagnosed with RA were identified through register linkage and validated in a structured review. Four controls per case were selected, matched for sex, year of birth, and year of inclusion in the MDCS. Diet was assessed at baseline (1991-1996) using a validated diet history method. A Diet Quality Index (DQI) based on adherence to the Swedish dietary guidelines including intakes of fibre, vegetables and fruits, fish and shellfish, saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, and sucrose, was used. The associations between the DQI and its components and the risk of RA were assessed using conditional logistic regression analysis, adjusting for total energy intake, smoking, leisure time physical activity and alcohol consumption.</p><p>RESULTS: We identified 172 validated cases of incident RA in the cohort. Overall adherence to the dietary guidelines was not associated with the risk of RA. Adherence to recommended fibre intake was associated with decreased risk of RA in crude and multivariable-adjusted analyses, with odds ratios (ORs) 0.60 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.39-0.93), and 0.51 (95% CI 0.29-0.90), respectively, compared with subjects with non-adherence.</p><p>CONCLUSIONS: Reaching the recommended intake level of dietary fibre, but not overall diet quality, was independently associated with decreased risk of RA. Further studies are needed to assess the role of different food sources of dietary fibre in relation to risk of RA and the underlying mechanisms.</p>}},
  author       = {{Bäcklund, Rebecka and Drake, Isabel and Bergström, Ulf and Compagno, Michele and Sonestedt, Emily and Turesson, Carl}},
  issn         = {{1462-0332}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{05}},
  publisher    = {{Oxford University Press}},
  series       = {{Rheumatology (Oxford, England)}},
  title        = {{Adherence to dietary guidelines, and the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis-results from a nested case-control study}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kead216}},
  doi          = {{10.1093/rheumatology/kead216}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}