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Impact of a short-term Mediterranean diet intervention on plasma metabolites : a pilot study

Smith, E. LU ; Ottosson, F. LU ; Ericson, U. LU ; Hellstrand, S. LU ; Rizzo, M. ; Sukruang, K. ; Pizza, V. ; Orho-Melander, M. LU ; Nilsson, P. M. LU and Kennbäck, C. LU , et al. (2024) In Metabolomics 20(4).
Abstract

Background: Dietary habits significantly influence the risks of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Through metabolomics, we’ve previously measured plasma metabolites to gauge dietary quality, introducing a healthy dietary metabolic signature (HDMS) linked to a decreased risk of future type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease. Objectives: To assess the impact of a 6-day dietary intervention on plasma metabolites and the HDMS. Methods: Fifty-nine Swedish participants (71% women, mean age 69 years) underwent a 6-day Mediterranean diet (MD) intervention in Italy’s Cilento region. All meals, crafted from local recipes and ingredients, were provided. Metabolite profiling pre- and post-intervention was conducted with a UHPLC-QTOF.... (More)

Background: Dietary habits significantly influence the risks of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Through metabolomics, we’ve previously measured plasma metabolites to gauge dietary quality, introducing a healthy dietary metabolic signature (HDMS) linked to a decreased risk of future type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease. Objectives: To assess the impact of a 6-day dietary intervention on plasma metabolites and the HDMS. Methods: Fifty-nine Swedish participants (71% women, mean age 69 years) underwent a 6-day Mediterranean diet (MD) intervention in Italy’s Cilento region. All meals, crafted from local recipes and ingredients, were provided. Metabolite profiling pre- and post-intervention was conducted with a UHPLC-QTOF. Alterations in metabolite levels and the HDMS were examined using paired T-test. Results: The MD intervention notably enhanced the HDMS across participants (mean increase: 1.3 standard deviations (SD), 95% CI 1.1–1.4, p = 6E-25). Out of 109 metabolites, 66 exhibited significant alterations (fdr adjusted p < 0.05). Among the 10 most significant changes, increases were observed in several diet related metabolites such as pipecolate, hippurate, caffeine, homostachydrine, acylcarnitine C11:0, acetylornithine, beta-carotene and 7-methylguanine. The most significant decreases manifested in piperine and 3-methylhistidine. Conclusions: The HDMS, which is linked to a healthy diet and inversely associated with cardiometabolic disease, was significantly improved by the 6-day Mediterranean diet intervention. Notably, metabolite markers previously shown to be indicative of the intake of vegetables, fruits, grains, and legumes increased, while markers previously associated with red meat consumption decreased. These findings highlight the potential of short-term dietary interventions to induce significant changes in plasma metabolite profiles.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Cardiovascular disease, Mediterranean diet, Nutrition, Nutritional metabolomics, Type 2 diabetes
in
Metabolomics
volume
20
issue
4
article number
82
publisher
Springer
external identifiers
  • pmid:39066903
  • scopus:85199857793
ISSN
1573-3882
DOI
10.1007/s11306-024-02154-7
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
5b6c80ca-b1df-45bc-96e5-6b9c2d01b224
date added to LUP
2024-09-09 14:33:47
date last changed
2024-09-10 03:00:02
@article{5b6c80ca-b1df-45bc-96e5-6b9c2d01b224,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background: Dietary habits significantly influence the risks of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Through metabolomics, we’ve previously measured plasma metabolites to gauge dietary quality, introducing a healthy dietary metabolic signature (HDMS) linked to a decreased risk of future type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease. Objectives: To assess the impact of a 6-day dietary intervention on plasma metabolites and the HDMS. Methods: Fifty-nine Swedish participants (71% women, mean age 69 years) underwent a 6-day Mediterranean diet (MD) intervention in Italy’s Cilento region. All meals, crafted from local recipes and ingredients, were provided. Metabolite profiling pre- and post-intervention was conducted with a UHPLC-QTOF. Alterations in metabolite levels and the HDMS were examined using paired T-test. Results: The MD intervention notably enhanced the HDMS across participants (mean increase: 1.3 standard deviations (SD), 95% CI 1.1–1.4, p = 6E-25). Out of 109 metabolites, 66 exhibited significant alterations (fdr adjusted p &lt; 0.05). Among the 10 most significant changes, increases were observed in several diet related metabolites such as pipecolate, hippurate, caffeine, homostachydrine, acylcarnitine C11:0, acetylornithine, beta-carotene and 7-methylguanine. The most significant decreases manifested in piperine and 3-methylhistidine. Conclusions: The HDMS, which is linked to a healthy diet and inversely associated with cardiometabolic disease, was significantly improved by the 6-day Mediterranean diet intervention. Notably, metabolite markers previously shown to be indicative of the intake of vegetables, fruits, grains, and legumes increased, while markers previously associated with red meat consumption decreased. These findings highlight the potential of short-term dietary interventions to induce significant changes in plasma metabolite profiles.</p>}},
  author       = {{Smith, E. and Ottosson, F. and Ericson, U. and Hellstrand, S. and Rizzo, M. and Sukruang, K. and Pizza, V. and Orho-Melander, M. and Nilsson, P. M. and Kennbäck, C. and Fernandez, C. and Antonini, P. and Di Somma, S. and Melander, O.}},
  issn         = {{1573-3882}},
  keywords     = {{Cardiovascular disease; Mediterranean diet; Nutrition; Nutritional metabolomics; Type 2 diabetes}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{4}},
  publisher    = {{Springer}},
  series       = {{Metabolomics}},
  title        = {{Impact of a short-term Mediterranean diet intervention on plasma metabolites : a pilot study}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11306-024-02154-7}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s11306-024-02154-7}},
  volume       = {{20}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}