Left and right ventricular hemodynamic forces in healthy volunteers and elite athletes assessed with 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging
(2017) In American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology 312(2). p.314-328- Abstract
Intracardiac blood flow is driven by hemodynamic forces that are exchanged between the blood and myocardium. Previous studies have been limited to 2D measurements or investigated only left ventricular (LV) forces. Right ventricular (RV) forces and their mechanistic contribution to asymmetric redirection of flow in the RV have not been measured. We therefore aimed to quantify 3D hemodynamic forces in both ventricles in a cohort of healthy subjects, using magnetic resonance imaging 4D flow measurements. Twenty five controls, 14 elite endurance athletes, and 2 patients with LV dyssynchrony were included. 4D flow data were used as input for the Navier-Stokes equations to compute hemodynamic forces over the entire cardiac cycle. Hemodynamic... (More)
Intracardiac blood flow is driven by hemodynamic forces that are exchanged between the blood and myocardium. Previous studies have been limited to 2D measurements or investigated only left ventricular (LV) forces. Right ventricular (RV) forces and their mechanistic contribution to asymmetric redirection of flow in the RV have not been measured. We therefore aimed to quantify 3D hemodynamic forces in both ventricles in a cohort of healthy subjects, using magnetic resonance imaging 4D flow measurements. Twenty five controls, 14 elite endurance athletes, and 2 patients with LV dyssynchrony were included. 4D flow data were used as input for the Navier-Stokes equations to compute hemodynamic forces over the entire cardiac cycle. Hemodynamic forces were found in a qualitatively consistent pattern in all healthy subjects, with variations in amplitude. LV forces were mainly aligned along the apical-basal longitudinal axis, with an additional component aimed toward the aortic valve during systole. Conversely, RV forces were found in both longitudinal and short-axis planes, with a systolic force component driving a slingshot-like acceleration that explains the mechanism behind the redirection of blood flow toward the pulmonary valve. No differences were found between controls and athletes when indexing forces to ventricular volumes, indicating that cardiac force expenditures are tuned to accelerate blood similarly in small and large hearts. Patients’ forces differed from controls in both timing and amplitude. Normal cardiac pumping is associated with specific force patterns for both ventricles, and deviation from these forces may be a sensitive marker of ventricular dysfunction. Reference values are provided for future studies. New & Noteworthy Biventricular hemodynamic forces were quantified for the first time in healthy controls and elite athletes (n = 39). Hemodynamic forces constitute a slingshot-like mechanism in the right ventricle, redirecting blood flow toward the pulmonary circulation. Force patterns were similar between healthy subjects and athletes, indicating potential utility as a cardiac function biomarker.
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- author
- Arvidsson, Per M. LU ; Töger, Johannes LU ; Carlsson, Marcus LU ; Steding-Ehrenborg, Katarina LU ; Pedrizzetti, Gianni ; Heiberg, Einar LU and Arheden, Håkan LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2017-02-17
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, Four-dimensional flow, Physiology
- in
- American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology
- volume
- 312
- issue
- 2
- pages
- 314 - 328
- publisher
- American Physiological Society
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:27770000
- wos:000395797600013
- scopus:85013392534
- ISSN
- 0363-6135
- DOI
- 10.1152/ajpheart.00583.2016
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 62eeff0c-3181-4fd6-8b07-14029eb7b51c
- date added to LUP
- 2017-03-13 11:54:40
- date last changed
- 2024-03-31 05:53:59
@article{62eeff0c-3181-4fd6-8b07-14029eb7b51c,
abstract = {{<p>Intracardiac blood flow is driven by hemodynamic forces that are exchanged between the blood and myocardium. Previous studies have been limited to 2D measurements or investigated only left ventricular (LV) forces. Right ventricular (RV) forces and their mechanistic contribution to asymmetric redirection of flow in the RV have not been measured. We therefore aimed to quantify 3D hemodynamic forces in both ventricles in a cohort of healthy subjects, using magnetic resonance imaging 4D flow measurements. Twenty five controls, 14 elite endurance athletes, and 2 patients with LV dyssynchrony were included. 4D flow data were used as input for the Navier-Stokes equations to compute hemodynamic forces over the entire cardiac cycle. Hemodynamic forces were found in a qualitatively consistent pattern in all healthy subjects, with variations in amplitude. LV forces were mainly aligned along the apical-basal longitudinal axis, with an additional component aimed toward the aortic valve during systole. Conversely, RV forces were found in both longitudinal and short-axis planes, with a systolic force component driving a slingshot-like acceleration that explains the mechanism behind the redirection of blood flow toward the pulmonary valve. No differences were found between controls and athletes when indexing forces to ventricular volumes, indicating that cardiac force expenditures are tuned to accelerate blood similarly in small and large hearts. Patients’ forces differed from controls in both timing and amplitude. Normal cardiac pumping is associated with specific force patterns for both ventricles, and deviation from these forces may be a sensitive marker of ventricular dysfunction. Reference values are provided for future studies. New & Noteworthy Biventricular hemodynamic forces were quantified for the first time in healthy controls and elite athletes (n = 39). Hemodynamic forces constitute a slingshot-like mechanism in the right ventricle, redirecting blood flow toward the pulmonary circulation. Force patterns were similar between healthy subjects and athletes, indicating potential utility as a cardiac function biomarker.</p>}},
author = {{Arvidsson, Per M. and Töger, Johannes and Carlsson, Marcus and Steding-Ehrenborg, Katarina and Pedrizzetti, Gianni and Heiberg, Einar and Arheden, Håkan}},
issn = {{0363-6135}},
keywords = {{Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging; Four-dimensional flow; Physiology}},
language = {{eng}},
month = {{02}},
number = {{2}},
pages = {{314--328}},
publisher = {{American Physiological Society}},
series = {{American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology}},
title = {{Left and right ventricular hemodynamic forces in healthy volunteers and elite athletes assessed with 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00583.2016}},
doi = {{10.1152/ajpheart.00583.2016}},
volume = {{312}},
year = {{2017}},
}