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Learning outcomes of infants and young children with spinal muscular atrophy type I provided with modified-electric-toy-cars in their natural environment

Díaz-López, Cristina Isabel ; Palomo-Carrion, Rocio ; Rodenas-Martinez, Maribel ; de Andrés Beltrán, Beatriz ; Nilsson, Lisbeth LU orcid ; Coello-Villalón, María and López_Muñoz, Purificación (2026) In Assistive Technology p.1-9
Abstract
Objectives: To examine powered mobility learning in children with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type I, involving families and evaluating goal attainment through the use of small, modified electric toy cars in the children’s natural environments. Design: Single-blind pilot intervention study derived from an originally planned wait-list randomized controlled trial. This report includes only the immediate-intervention group that received powered mobility training. Setting: Participants’ natural environments. Participants: Children aged 10 months to 5 years diagnosed with SMA type I, with no previous powered mobility experience. Interventions: Individualized adaptations of electric toy cars, including postural supports and customized control... (More)
Objectives: To examine powered mobility learning in children with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type I, involving families and evaluating goal attainment through the use of small, modified electric toy cars in the children’s natural environments. Design: Single-blind pilot intervention study derived from an originally planned wait-list randomized controlled trial. This report includes only the immediate-intervention group that received powered mobility training. Setting: Participants’ natural environments. Participants: Children aged 10 months to 5 years diagnosed with SMA type I, with no previous powered mobility experience. Interventions: Individualized adaptations of electric toy cars, including postural supports and customized control systems. The structured program lasted 12 weeks, with three 30-minute sessions per week. Outcome Measures: Progress in powered mobility use was assessed using the Assessment of Learning Powered Mobility use (ALP). Functional goal achievement was measured with Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS). Results: Of the 16 children enrolled, 9 completed the 12-week intervention. The greatest improvement in ALP phase occurred between weeks 0–4 (88.88%; p = 0.01). Functional goals showed significant improvement at all measured intervals (p < 0.05). Conclusions: A structured powered mobility intervention delivered in natural environments supported mobility learning and functional goal attainment in children with SMA type I. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
epub
subject
keywords
Electric toy-cars; family; independent motorized mobility; natural environment; spinal muscular atrophy type I; young children
in
Assistive Technology
pages
1 - 9
publisher
Taylor & Francis
external identifiers
  • pmid:41805657
  • scopus:105032566144
ISSN
1040-0435
DOI
10.1080/10400435.2026.2639045
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
650e2079-2575-48fa-b6a7-8e1dba3a4aa5
date added to LUP
2026-03-26 19:38:12
date last changed
2026-03-27 13:33:01
@article{650e2079-2575-48fa-b6a7-8e1dba3a4aa5,
  abstract     = {{Objectives: To examine powered mobility learning in children with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type I, involving families and evaluating goal attainment through the use of small, modified electric toy cars in the children’s natural environments. Design: Single-blind pilot intervention study derived from an originally planned wait-list randomized controlled trial. This report includes only the immediate-intervention group that received powered mobility training. Setting: Participants’ natural environments. Participants: Children aged 10 months to 5 years diagnosed with SMA type I, with no previous powered mobility experience. Interventions: Individualized adaptations of electric toy cars, including postural supports and customized control systems. The structured program lasted 12 weeks, with three 30-minute sessions per week. Outcome Measures: Progress in powered mobility use was assessed using the Assessment of Learning Powered Mobility use (ALP). Functional goal achievement was measured with Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS). Results: Of the 16 children enrolled, 9 completed the 12-week intervention. The greatest improvement in ALP phase occurred between weeks 0–4 (88.88%; p = 0.01). Functional goals showed significant improvement at all measured intervals (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: A structured powered mobility intervention delivered in natural environments supported mobility learning and functional goal attainment in children with SMA type I.}},
  author       = {{Díaz-López, Cristina Isabel and Palomo-Carrion, Rocio and Rodenas-Martinez, Maribel and de Andrés Beltrán, Beatriz and Nilsson, Lisbeth and Coello-Villalón, María and López_Muñoz, Purificación}},
  issn         = {{1040-0435}},
  keywords     = {{Electric toy-cars; family; independent motorized mobility; natural environment; spinal muscular atrophy type I; young children}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{03}},
  pages        = {{1--9}},
  publisher    = {{Taylor & Francis}},
  series       = {{Assistive Technology}},
  title        = {{Learning outcomes of infants and young children with spinal muscular atrophy type I provided with modified-electric-toy-cars in their natural environment}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10400435.2026.2639045}},
  doi          = {{10.1080/10400435.2026.2639045}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}