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An application specific vector processor for CNN-based massive MIMO positioning

Attari, Mohammad LU ; Sánchez, Jesús Rodríguez LU ; Liu, Liang LU orcid and Malkowsky, Steffen LU (2021) 53rd IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, ISCAS 2021 In Proceedings - IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems 2021-May.
Abstract

This paper sets out to create an implementation for fingerprint-based positioning using massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology, by means of deep convolutional neural networks (CNN), and utilizing the wireless channel state information (CSI). Due to the sheer volume of computational requirements imposed by CNN processing, an accelerator-assisted design is well-suited to the task at hand. Consequently, an application specific instruction set processor (ASIP) is designed to combine flexibility with implementation efficiency. This ASIP is equipped with vector processing capabilities employing a single instruction multiple data (SIMD) scheme, and additionally has a very large instruction word (VLIW) architecture to further... (More)

This paper sets out to create an implementation for fingerprint-based positioning using massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology, by means of deep convolutional neural networks (CNN), and utilizing the wireless channel state information (CSI). Due to the sheer volume of computational requirements imposed by CNN processing, an accelerator-assisted design is well-suited to the task at hand. Consequently, an application specific instruction set processor (ASIP) is designed to combine flexibility with implementation efficiency. This ASIP is equipped with vector processing capabilities employing a single instruction multiple data (SIMD) scheme, and additionally has a very large instruction word (VLIW) architecture to further exploit instruction-level parallelism. A configurable 2D array of processing engines (PE) is integrated into the processor, in a tightly coupled manner, to accelerate the CNN operation. Synthesis results will be demonstrated using the GF-22 nm FD-SOI technology with a clock frequency of 555 MHz. The system can achieve a throughput of 271 positionings/s, with an average positioning error of 3.5 λ (40 cm) at a carrier frequency of 2.6 GHz.

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publication status
published
subject
host publication
2021 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, ISCAS 2021 - Proceedings
series title
Proceedings - IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems
volume
2021-May
article number
9401528
publisher
IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
conference name
53rd IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, ISCAS 2021
conference location
Daegu, Korea, Republic of
conference dates
2021-05-22 - 2021-05-28
external identifiers
  • scopus:85109024382
ISSN
0271-4310
ISBN
9781728192017
DOI
10.1109/ISCAS51556.2021.9401528
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
Funding Information: The design has been synthesized using the GF-22 nm FD-X technology. Table I shows the area breakdown occupied by different modules in the system. The whole system takes up a cell area of around 1 mm2, with an operating frequency of 555 MHz. The vector memory takes the bulk of the area which amounts to around 75% usage. This global SRAM serves as a buffer for filter weights, input features, and intermediate tensors. The programmable portion of the processor requires nearly the same area as the specialized CNN engine, together adding up to almost 20% of the area budget. The power consumption of the architecture is estimated at 150 mW (using power annotated simulation results), which does not account for off-chip (e.g. DRAM) accesses. V. CONCLUSION In the post-Moore era the focus has shifted from component miniaturization to algorithms/software performance-engineering along with specialization of computer architecture. In this paper we investigated the utilization of an ASIP vector processor, allied with a dedicated CNN engine, to implement user positioning in a Massive MIMO-based wireless system. The processor achieves a frequency of 555 MHz, and can churn out 271 user positions per second, with an average distance error of 3.5 λ, and a power draw of 150 mW. VI. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work is supported by Ericsson’s Massive MIMO project. The authors would also like to thank Synopsys for providing their tool ASIP Designer. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 IEEE Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
id
65c9b889-b964-4d59-bac8-bec2df490b68
date added to LUP
2021-08-13 14:40:25
date last changed
2024-03-23 07:31:25
@inproceedings{65c9b889-b964-4d59-bac8-bec2df490b68,
  abstract     = {{<p>This paper sets out to create an implementation for fingerprint-based positioning using massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology, by means of deep convolutional neural networks (CNN), and utilizing the wireless channel state information (CSI). Due to the sheer volume of computational requirements imposed by CNN processing, an accelerator-assisted design is well-suited to the task at hand. Consequently, an application specific instruction set processor (ASIP) is designed to combine flexibility with implementation efficiency. This ASIP is equipped with vector processing capabilities employing a single instruction multiple data (SIMD) scheme, and additionally has a very large instruction word (VLIW) architecture to further exploit instruction-level parallelism. A configurable 2D array of processing engines (PE) is integrated into the processor, in a tightly coupled manner, to accelerate the CNN operation. Synthesis results will be demonstrated using the GF-22 nm FD-SOI technology with a clock frequency of 555 MHz. The system can achieve a throughput of 271 positionings/s, with an average positioning error of 3.5 λ (40 cm) at a carrier frequency of 2.6 GHz.</p>}},
  author       = {{Attari, Mohammad and Sánchez, Jesús Rodríguez and Liu, Liang and Malkowsky, Steffen}},
  booktitle    = {{2021 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, ISCAS 2021 - Proceedings}},
  isbn         = {{9781728192017}},
  issn         = {{0271-4310}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}},
  series       = {{Proceedings - IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems}},
  title        = {{An application specific vector processor for CNN-based massive MIMO positioning}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS51556.2021.9401528}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/ISCAS51556.2021.9401528}},
  volume       = {{2021-May}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}