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Types of second primary cancer influence overall survival in cutaneous melanoma

Zheng, Guoqiao LU ; Chattopadhyay, Subhayan LU orcid ; Sundquist, Kristina LU ; Sundquist, Jan LU ; Försti, Asta LU ; Hemminki, Akseli and Hemminki, Kari LU (2021) In BMC Cancer 21(1).
Abstract

Background: Favorable survival in malignant cutaneous melanoma (melanoma) has increased the likelihood of second primary cancer (SPC). We assess the influence of patient characteristics at diagnosis of first melanoma and the type of SPC (second melanoma and other SPC) on overall survival. Methods: We used the Swedish Cancer Registry data to assess overall survival in melanoma for the period 1990 to 2015. Kaplan-Meier curves were plotted and hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated with Cox regression models by considering SPC diagnosis as a time-dependent variable. Results: A total of 46,726 patients were diagnosed with melanoma, and 15.3% of them developed SPC, among which, two thirds were other SPCs. Second melanomas were diagnosed early... (More)

Background: Favorable survival in malignant cutaneous melanoma (melanoma) has increased the likelihood of second primary cancer (SPC). We assess the influence of patient characteristics at diagnosis of first melanoma and the type of SPC (second melanoma and other SPC) on overall survival. Methods: We used the Swedish Cancer Registry data to assess overall survival in melanoma for the period 1990 to 2015. Kaplan-Meier curves were plotted and hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated with Cox regression models by considering SPC diagnosis as a time-dependent variable. Results: A total of 46,726 patients were diagnosed with melanoma, and 15.3% of them developed SPC, among which, two thirds were other SPCs. Second melanomas were diagnosed early (31% during the first year) compared to non-melanoma SPCs (9.5%). Survival for women with second melanoma or other SPC (56 and 21% alive after 25 years of follow-up, respectively) exceeded the male rates (21 and 10%, respectively) but all these figures were lower than for females (60% alive) or males (48%) without SPC. Time dependent analysis showed vastly increased HRs for cancer types that are fatal also as first cancers, but SPC-specific HRs remained relatively uniform, irrespective of SPC diagnosed soon or late after first melanoma. In early-onset melanoma, SPC diagnosis after 10 years may not negatively influence overall survival. Conclusions: As the overall survival of patients with many types of SPCs is unfavorable, advice about health lifestyle should benefit smoking patients and early detection methods may be recommended for SPCs of the breast, prostate and colorectum.

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author
; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Independent primary, Overall survival, Prognosis, Second melanoma, Time-dependent analysis
in
BMC Cancer
volume
21
issue
1
article number
1123
publisher
BioMed Central (BMC)
external identifiers
  • pmid:34663263
  • scopus:85117402032
ISSN
1471-2407
DOI
10.1186/s12885-021-08845-x
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
Publisher Copyright: © 2021, The Author(s).
id
695e3ec6-622e-48ec-9c44-8873816c8554
date added to LUP
2021-11-19 12:58:51
date last changed
2025-01-13 17:59:26
@article{695e3ec6-622e-48ec-9c44-8873816c8554,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background: Favorable survival in malignant cutaneous melanoma (melanoma) has increased the likelihood of second primary cancer (SPC). We assess the influence of patient characteristics at diagnosis of first melanoma and the type of SPC (second melanoma and other SPC) on overall survival. Methods: We used the Swedish Cancer Registry data to assess overall survival in melanoma for the period 1990 to 2015. Kaplan-Meier curves were plotted and hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated with Cox regression models by considering SPC diagnosis as a time-dependent variable. Results: A total of 46,726 patients were diagnosed with melanoma, and 15.3% of them developed SPC, among which, two thirds were other SPCs. Second melanomas were diagnosed early (31% during the first year) compared to non-melanoma SPCs (9.5%). Survival for women with second melanoma or other SPC (56 and 21% alive after 25 years of follow-up, respectively) exceeded the male rates (21 and 10%, respectively) but all these figures were lower than for females (60% alive) or males (48%) without SPC. Time dependent analysis showed vastly increased HRs for cancer types that are fatal also as first cancers, but SPC-specific HRs remained relatively uniform, irrespective of SPC diagnosed soon or late after first melanoma. In early-onset melanoma, SPC diagnosis after 10 years may not negatively influence overall survival. Conclusions: As the overall survival of patients with many types of SPCs is unfavorable, advice about health lifestyle should benefit smoking patients and early detection methods may be recommended for SPCs of the breast, prostate and colorectum.</p>}},
  author       = {{Zheng, Guoqiao and Chattopadhyay, Subhayan and Sundquist, Kristina and Sundquist, Jan and Försti, Asta and Hemminki, Akseli and Hemminki, Kari}},
  issn         = {{1471-2407}},
  keywords     = {{Independent primary; Overall survival; Prognosis; Second melanoma; Time-dependent analysis}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  publisher    = {{BioMed Central (BMC)}},
  series       = {{BMC Cancer}},
  title        = {{Types of second primary cancer influence overall survival in cutaneous melanoma}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12885-021-08845-x}},
  doi          = {{10.1186/s12885-021-08845-x}},
  volume       = {{21}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}