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SARS-CoV-2 in aerosol particles exhaled from COVID-19 infected patients during breathing, talking and singing

Alsved, Malin LU orcid ; Nygren, David LU orcid ; Medstrand, Patrik LU orcid ; Thuresson, Sara LU ; Widell, Anders LU ; Fraenkel, Carl-Johan LU and Löndahl, Jakob LU orcid (2021) American Association for Aerosol Research Annual Conference
Abstract
In the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, several super spreader events occurred during singing in choirs, which lead to an increased attention to airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing COVID-19. Since then, aerosol generation from singing has been studied in more detail, however, only from healthy subjects. In this study, we collected aerosol particles in the exhaled breath of 40 COVID-19 infected patients during breathing, talking and singing, respectively, and analysed the samples for detection of SARS-CoV-2.

Method
Patients that were contacted by the COVID-19 testing service due to a positive test result were asked to volunteer for the study. A team of researchers drove a small truck hosting a mobile... (More)
In the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, several super spreader events occurred during singing in choirs, which lead to an increased attention to airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing COVID-19. Since then, aerosol generation from singing has been studied in more detail, however, only from healthy subjects. In this study, we collected aerosol particles in the exhaled breath of 40 COVID-19 infected patients during breathing, talking and singing, respectively, and analysed the samples for detection of SARS-CoV-2.

Method
Patients that were contacted by the COVID-19 testing service due to a positive test result were asked to volunteer for the study. A team of researchers drove a small truck hosting a mobile laboratory to the home address of the patient to perform exhaled breath aerosol collection using a condensational particle collector (BioSpot, Aerosol Devices) and a two-stage cyclone sampler (NIOSH bc-251, Tisch Environmental). Samples were collected for 10 min each when the patient was breathing, talking and singing, respectively.

All samples were stored at -80°C until RNA extraction and analysis by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) targeting the N-gene.

Results
A first screening of air samples collected with the BioSpot showed that SARS-CoV-2 could be detected in the exhaled aerosols from three of nine patients during singing or talking. Two of these samples contained 103 and 104 viral RNA copies, corresponding to a viral emission rate of approximately 4 and 25 viruses per second, respectively. Samples from the remaining 31 patients are to be analysed during the spring. We hope to contribute to quantifying and understanding the Covid-19 transmission via the airborne route.

This study was approved by the Swedish Ethics Review Authority (2020-07103). This work was supported by AFA Insurances and the Swedish Research Council FORMAS. (Less)
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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to conference
publication status
published
subject
conference name
American Association for Aerosol Research Annual Conference
conference location
United States
conference dates
2021-10-18 - 2021-10-22
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
6ff33965-113e-4ec0-afcb-e4e629ea4423
date added to LUP
2022-01-14 11:06:33
date last changed
2022-04-25 13:44:14
@misc{6ff33965-113e-4ec0-afcb-e4e629ea4423,
  abstract     = {{In the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, several super spreader events occurred during singing in choirs, which lead to an increased attention to airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing COVID-19. Since then, aerosol generation from singing has been studied in more detail, however, only from healthy subjects. In this study, we collected aerosol particles in the exhaled breath of 40 COVID-19 infected patients during breathing, talking and singing, respectively, and analysed the samples for detection of SARS-CoV-2.<br/><br/>Method<br/>Patients that were contacted by the COVID-19 testing service due to a positive test result were asked to volunteer for the study. A team of researchers drove a small truck hosting a mobile laboratory to the home address of the patient to perform exhaled breath aerosol collection using a condensational particle collector (BioSpot, Aerosol Devices) and a two-stage cyclone sampler (NIOSH bc-251, Tisch Environmental). Samples were collected for 10 min each when the patient was breathing, talking and singing, respectively.<br/><br/>All samples were stored at -80°C until RNA extraction and analysis by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) targeting the N-gene.<br/><br/>Results<br/>A first screening of air samples collected with the BioSpot showed that SARS-CoV-2 could be detected in the exhaled aerosols from three of nine patients during singing or talking. Two of these samples contained 103 and 104 viral RNA copies, corresponding to a viral emission rate of approximately 4 and 25 viruses per second, respectively. Samples from the remaining 31 patients are to be analysed during the spring. We hope to contribute to quantifying and understanding the Covid-19 transmission via the airborne route.<br/><br/>This study was approved by the Swedish Ethics Review Authority (2020-07103). This work was supported by AFA Insurances and the Swedish Research Council FORMAS.}},
  author       = {{Alsved, Malin and Nygren, David and Medstrand, Patrik and Thuresson, Sara and Widell, Anders and Fraenkel, Carl-Johan and Löndahl, Jakob}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{08}},
  title        = {{SARS-CoV-2 in aerosol particles exhaled from COVID-19 infected patients during breathing, talking and singing}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}