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Looking at the keyboard or the monitor: relationship with text production processes

Johansson, Roger LU orcid ; Wengelin, Åsa LU ; Johansson, Victoria LU and Holmqvist, Kenneth LU (2010) In Reading and Writing 23(7). p.835-851
Abstract
In this paper we explored text production differences in an expository text production task between writers who looked mainly at the keyboard and writers who looked mainly at the monitor. Eye-tracking technology and keystroke-logging were combined to systematically describe and define these two groups in respect of the complex interplay between text production and the reading of one's own emerging text. Findings showed that monitor gazers typed significantly faster and were more productive writers. They also read their own text more, and they frequently read in parallel with writing. Analysis of fixation durations suggests that more cognitive processing is in use during reading in parallel with writing than during reading in pauses.... (More)
In this paper we explored text production differences in an expository text production task between writers who looked mainly at the keyboard and writers who looked mainly at the monitor. Eye-tracking technology and keystroke-logging were combined to systematically describe and define these two groups in respect of the complex interplay between text production and the reading of one's own emerging text. Findings showed that monitor gazers typed significantly faster and were more productive writers. They also read their own text more, and they frequently read in parallel with writing. Analysis of fixation durations suggests that more cognitive processing is in use during reading in parallel with writing than during reading in pauses. Keyboard gazers used the left and right cursor keys significantly more. We suggest that this is because they revised their texts in a much more serial mode than monitor gazers. Finally, analysis of the characteristics of the final texts showed no differences between the groups. (Less)
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author
; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Visual attention, Reading during writing, Typing, Eye-tracking, Keystroke-logging
in
Reading and Writing
volume
23
issue
7
pages
835 - 851
publisher
Springer
external identifiers
  • wos:000279840900005
  • scopus:77954541383
ISSN
0922-4777
DOI
10.1007/s11145-009-9189-3
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
The information about affiliations in this record was updated in December 2015. The record was previously connected to the following departments: Linguistics and Phonetics (015010003), Humanities Lab (015101200)
id
76c41904-2e75-40b5-bae4-39e2791a26eb (old id 1656937)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 13:00:12
date last changed
2023-11-26 22:33:46
@article{76c41904-2e75-40b5-bae4-39e2791a26eb,
  abstract     = {{In this paper we explored text production differences in an expository text production task between writers who looked mainly at the keyboard and writers who looked mainly at the monitor. Eye-tracking technology and keystroke-logging were combined to systematically describe and define these two groups in respect of the complex interplay between text production and the reading of one's own emerging text. Findings showed that monitor gazers typed significantly faster and were more productive writers. They also read their own text more, and they frequently read in parallel with writing. Analysis of fixation durations suggests that more cognitive processing is in use during reading in parallel with writing than during reading in pauses. Keyboard gazers used the left and right cursor keys significantly more. We suggest that this is because they revised their texts in a much more serial mode than monitor gazers. Finally, analysis of the characteristics of the final texts showed no differences between the groups.}},
  author       = {{Johansson, Roger and Wengelin, Åsa and Johansson, Victoria and Holmqvist, Kenneth}},
  issn         = {{0922-4777}},
  keywords     = {{Visual attention; Reading during writing; Typing; Eye-tracking; Keystroke-logging}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{7}},
  pages        = {{835--851}},
  publisher    = {{Springer}},
  series       = {{Reading and Writing}},
  title        = {{Looking at the keyboard or the monitor: relationship with text production processes}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11145-009-9189-3}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s11145-009-9189-3}},
  volume       = {{23}},
  year         = {{2010}},
}