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Intake of B vitamins and the risk of developing islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in the TEDDY study

Hakola, Leena ; Mramba, Lazarus K ; Uusitalo, Ulla ; Andrén Aronsson, Carin LU orcid ; Hummel, Sandra ; Niinistö, Sari ; Erlund, Iris ; Yang, Jimin ; Rewers, Marian J and Akolkar, Beena , et al. (2024) In European Journal of Nutrition
Abstract

PURPOSE: The aim was to study the association between dietary intake of B vitamins in childhood and the risk of islet autoimmunity (IA) and progression to type 1 diabetes (T1D) by the age of 10 years.

METHODS: We followed 8500 T1D-susceptible children born in the U.S., Finland, Sweden, and Germany in 2004 -2010 from the Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study, which is a prospective observational birth cohort. Dietary intake of seven B vitamins was calculated from foods and dietary supplements based on 24-h recall at 3 months and 3-day food records collected regularly from 6 months to 10 years of age. Cox proportional hazard models were adjusted for energy, HLA-genotype, first-degree relative with T1D,... (More)

PURPOSE: The aim was to study the association between dietary intake of B vitamins in childhood and the risk of islet autoimmunity (IA) and progression to type 1 diabetes (T1D) by the age of 10 years.

METHODS: We followed 8500 T1D-susceptible children born in the U.S., Finland, Sweden, and Germany in 2004 -2010 from the Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study, which is a prospective observational birth cohort. Dietary intake of seven B vitamins was calculated from foods and dietary supplements based on 24-h recall at 3 months and 3-day food records collected regularly from 6 months to 10 years of age. Cox proportional hazard models were adjusted for energy, HLA-genotype, first-degree relative with T1D, sex, and country.

RESULTS: A total of 778 (9.2) children developed at least one autoantibody (any IA), and 335 (3.9%) developed multiple autoantibodies. 280 (3.3%) children had IAA and 319 (3.8%) GADA as the first autoantibody. 344 (44%) children with IA progressed to T1D. We observed that higher intake of niacin was associated with a decreased risk of developing multiple autoantibodies (HR 0.95; 95% CI 0.92, 0.98) per 1 mg/1000 kcal in niacin intake. Higher intake of pyridoxine (HR 0.66; 95% CI 0.46, 0.96) and vitamin B12 (HR 0.87; 95% CI 0.77, 0.97) was associated with a decreased risk of IAA-first autoimmunity. Higher intake of riboflavin (HR 1.38; 95% CI 1.05, 1.80) was associated with an increased risk of GADA-first autoimmunity. There were no associations between any of the B vitamins and the outcomes "any IA" and progression from IA to T1D. CONCLUSION: In this multinational, prospective birth cohort of children with genetic susceptibility to T1D, we observed some direct and inverse associations between different B vitamins and risk of IA.

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European Journal of Nutrition
publisher
Springer
external identifiers
  • scopus:85186206593
  • pmid:38413484
ISSN
1436-6215
DOI
10.1007/s00394-024-03346-6
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
© 2024. The Author(s).
id
7b60f810-c11c-4517-ac9f-38c5f73e9090
date added to LUP
2024-03-02 09:14:13
date last changed
2024-04-22 18:38:29
@article{7b60f810-c11c-4517-ac9f-38c5f73e9090,
  abstract     = {{<p>PURPOSE: The aim was to study the association between dietary intake of B vitamins in childhood and the risk of islet autoimmunity (IA) and progression to type 1 diabetes (T1D) by the age of 10 years.</p><p>METHODS: We followed 8500 T1D-susceptible children born in the U.S., Finland, Sweden, and Germany in 2004 -2010 from the Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study, which is a prospective observational birth cohort. Dietary intake of seven B vitamins was calculated from foods and dietary supplements based on 24-h recall at 3 months and 3-day food records collected regularly from 6 months to 10 years of age. Cox proportional hazard models were adjusted for energy, HLA-genotype, first-degree relative with T1D, sex, and country.</p><p>RESULTS: A total of 778 (9.2) children developed at least one autoantibody (any IA), and 335 (3.9%) developed multiple autoantibodies. 280 (3.3%) children had IAA and 319 (3.8%) GADA as the first autoantibody. 344 (44%) children with IA progressed to T1D. We observed that higher intake of niacin was associated with a decreased risk of developing multiple autoantibodies (HR 0.95; 95% CI 0.92, 0.98) per 1 mg/1000 kcal in niacin intake. Higher intake of pyridoxine (HR 0.66; 95% CI 0.46, 0.96) and vitamin B12 (HR 0.87; 95% CI 0.77, 0.97) was associated with a decreased risk of IAA-first autoimmunity. Higher intake of riboflavin (HR 1.38; 95% CI 1.05, 1.80) was associated with an increased risk of GADA-first autoimmunity. There were no associations between any of the B vitamins and the outcomes "any IA" and progression from IA to T1D. CONCLUSION: In this multinational, prospective birth cohort of children with genetic susceptibility to T1D, we observed some direct and inverse associations between different B vitamins and risk of IA.</p>}},
  author       = {{Hakola, Leena and Mramba, Lazarus K and Uusitalo, Ulla and Andrén Aronsson, Carin and Hummel, Sandra and Niinistö, Sari and Erlund, Iris and Yang, Jimin and Rewers, Marian J and Akolkar, Beena and McIndoe, Richard A and Rich, Stephen S and Hagopian, William A and Ziegler, Anette and Lernmark, Åke and Toppari, Jorma and Krischer, Jeffrey P and Norris, Jill M and Virtanen, Suvi M}},
  issn         = {{1436-6215}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{02}},
  publisher    = {{Springer}},
  series       = {{European Journal of Nutrition}},
  title        = {{Intake of B vitamins and the risk of developing islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in the TEDDY study}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00394-024-03346-6}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s00394-024-03346-6}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}