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Directional capacity of a two detector array for localization of gamma emitting sources

Toivonen, Harri ; Dowdall, Mark ; Ihantola, Sakari ; Dvornik, Aliaksandr LU orcid ; Karampiperi, Maria LU orcid ; Finck, Robert LU ; Ahlmann Jensen, Pernille ; Jónsson, Gísli ; Holm, Philip and Huikari, Jussi , et al. (2025) In Radiation Measurements 189.
Abstract

Capacities for source localization in response to incidents involving radioactive materials are essential for effective, efficient response. In this context, the directional response of a detection system is of importance. Many solutions currently employed for source localization involve approaches that may be onerous with respect to cost, complexity and practicality for field operations. To avoid these drawbacks, an approached was developed based on simultaneous use of two gamma detectors (2 x 1 array). Simple mathematical models were developed to cope with the count rate detected by two adjacent detectors. The parameters of the model depend mainly on the design of the detectors and can thus be concluded from the drawings. For large... (More)

Capacities for source localization in response to incidents involving radioactive materials are essential for effective, efficient response. In this context, the directional response of a detection system is of importance. Many solutions currently employed for source localization involve approaches that may be onerous with respect to cost, complexity and practicality for field operations. To avoid these drawbacks, an approached was developed based on simultaneous use of two gamma detectors (2 x 1 array). Simple mathematical models were developed to cope with the count rate detected by two adjacent detectors. The parameters of the model depend mainly on the design of the detectors and can thus be concluded from the drawings. For large detectors, the energy dependency of the directional estimate is negligible. The method can be applied for small hand-held systems as well without resort to complex calibrations or data processing. The directional response of several 2 x 1 arrays, constructed from commercially available, off-the-shelf detectors, was confirmed using Monte Carlo approaches and actual measurements under controlled conditions. Optimization strategies and performance constraints were described and analyzed regarding the use of a shield between the detectors. Results indicate that 2 x 1 arrays of a number of detector types and sizes can provide functional estimates of source direction a field of view of 180°.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Detection array, Directional sensitive array, Gamma-ray detection, Source localization
in
Radiation Measurements
volume
189
article number
107534
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • scopus:105017232336
ISSN
1350-4487
DOI
10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107534
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
9708ad26-8754-4aa8-8c4b-02a4b885cc50
date added to LUP
2025-11-21 15:41:36
date last changed
2025-11-21 15:42:55
@article{9708ad26-8754-4aa8-8c4b-02a4b885cc50,
  abstract     = {{<p>Capacities for source localization in response to incidents involving radioactive materials are essential for effective, efficient response. In this context, the directional response of a detection system is of importance. Many solutions currently employed for source localization involve approaches that may be onerous with respect to cost, complexity and practicality for field operations. To avoid these drawbacks, an approached was developed based on simultaneous use of two gamma detectors (2 x 1 array). Simple mathematical models were developed to cope with the count rate detected by two adjacent detectors. The parameters of the model depend mainly on the design of the detectors and can thus be concluded from the drawings. For large detectors, the energy dependency of the directional estimate is negligible. The method can be applied for small hand-held systems as well without resort to complex calibrations or data processing. The directional response of several 2 x 1 arrays, constructed from commercially available, off-the-shelf detectors, was confirmed using Monte Carlo approaches and actual measurements under controlled conditions. Optimization strategies and performance constraints were described and analyzed regarding the use of a shield between the detectors. Results indicate that 2 x 1 arrays of a number of detector types and sizes can provide functional estimates of source direction a field of view of 180°.</p>}},
  author       = {{Toivonen, Harri and Dowdall, Mark and Ihantola, Sakari and Dvornik, Aliaksandr and Karampiperi, Maria and Finck, Robert and Ahlmann Jensen, Pernille and Jónsson, Gísli and Holm, Philip and Huikari, Jussi and Peräjärvi, Kari and Rääf, Christopher and Lehmann, Viktor and Bernhardsson, Christian}},
  issn         = {{1350-4487}},
  keywords     = {{Detection array; Directional sensitive array; Gamma-ray detection; Source localization}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Radiation Measurements}},
  title        = {{Directional capacity of a two detector array for localization of gamma emitting sources}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107534}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107534}},
  volume       = {{189}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}