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Monobutyrin and monovalerin affect brain short-chain fatty acid profiles and tight-junction protein expression in apoe-knockout rats fed high-fat diets

Nguyen, Thao Duy LU orcid ; Hållenius, Frida Fåk LU orcid ; Lin, Xue ; Nyman, Margareta LU and Prykhodko, Olena LU (2020) In Nutrients 12(4).
Abstract

Monobutyrin (MB) and monovalerin (MV), esters of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), have previously been shown to reduce liver cholesterol and inflammation in conventional rats fed high-fat diets. This study explored the potential effects of MB and MV in hypercholesterolemic apolipoprotein E-knockout (ApoE-/-) rats. ApoE-/-rats were fed three high-fat (HF) diets, pure or supplemented with MB or MV (1%), for 5 weeks. One group of conventional rats (C) was also fed the pure high-fat diet and another group of ApoE-/-rats a low-fat (LF) diet. Blood and liver lipids, urinary lactulose/mannitol, SCFAs (blood and brain), tight junction proteins (small intestine and brain), and inflammation-related markers (blood, brain, and liver) were analyzed.... (More)

Monobutyrin (MB) and monovalerin (MV), esters of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), have previously been shown to reduce liver cholesterol and inflammation in conventional rats fed high-fat diets. This study explored the potential effects of MB and MV in hypercholesterolemic apolipoprotein E-knockout (ApoE-/-) rats. ApoE-/-rats were fed three high-fat (HF) diets, pure or supplemented with MB or MV (1%), for 5 weeks. One group of conventional rats (C) was also fed the pure high-fat diet and another group of ApoE-/-rats a low-fat (LF) diet. Blood and liver lipids, urinary lactulose/mannitol, SCFAs (blood and brain), tight junction proteins (small intestine and brain), and inflammation-related markers (blood, brain, and liver) were analyzed. MV supplementation elevated serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and valeric acid concentration (p < 0.05), while the amounts of isovaleric acid in the brain were reduced (p < 0.05). MB increased butyric acid amounts in the brain, while the plasma concentration of interleukin 10 (IL-10) was lowered (p < 0.05). Both MV and MB upregulated the expression of occludin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in the brain (p < 0.05). Supplementation of MB or MV affected HDL cholesterol, the expression of tight junction proteins, and SCFA profiles. MB and MV may therefore be promising supplements to attenuate lipid metabolic disorders caused by high-fat intake and genetic deficiency.

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author
; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Brain axis, Butyric acid, Cholesterol, Gut, Isovaleric acid, SCFAs, Valeric acid
in
Nutrients
volume
12
issue
4
article number
1202
publisher
MDPI AG
external identifiers
  • pmid:32344633
  • scopus:85084055268
ISSN
2072-6643
DOI
10.3390/nu12041202
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
a57cc45d-091a-4e23-82e6-e38d6355e05f
date added to LUP
2020-05-20 14:13:46
date last changed
2024-04-17 08:49:24
@article{a57cc45d-091a-4e23-82e6-e38d6355e05f,
  abstract     = {{<p>Monobutyrin (MB) and monovalerin (MV), esters of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), have previously been shown to reduce liver cholesterol and inflammation in conventional rats fed high-fat diets. This study explored the potential effects of MB and MV in hypercholesterolemic apolipoprotein E-knockout (ApoE-/-) rats. ApoE-/-rats were fed three high-fat (HF) diets, pure or supplemented with MB or MV (1%), for 5 weeks. One group of conventional rats (C) was also fed the pure high-fat diet and another group of ApoE-/-rats a low-fat (LF) diet. Blood and liver lipids, urinary lactulose/mannitol, SCFAs (blood and brain), tight junction proteins (small intestine and brain), and inflammation-related markers (blood, brain, and liver) were analyzed. MV supplementation elevated serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and valeric acid concentration (p &lt; 0.05), while the amounts of isovaleric acid in the brain were reduced (p &lt; 0.05). MB increased butyric acid amounts in the brain, while the plasma concentration of interleukin 10 (IL-10) was lowered (p &lt; 0.05). Both MV and MB upregulated the expression of occludin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in the brain (p &lt; 0.05). Supplementation of MB or MV affected HDL cholesterol, the expression of tight junction proteins, and SCFA profiles. MB and MV may therefore be promising supplements to attenuate lipid metabolic disorders caused by high-fat intake and genetic deficiency.</p>}},
  author       = {{Nguyen, Thao Duy and Hållenius, Frida Fåk and Lin, Xue and Nyman, Margareta and Prykhodko, Olena}},
  issn         = {{2072-6643}},
  keywords     = {{Brain axis; Butyric acid; Cholesterol; Gut; Isovaleric acid; SCFAs; Valeric acid}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{4}},
  publisher    = {{MDPI AG}},
  series       = {{Nutrients}},
  title        = {{Monobutyrin and monovalerin affect brain short-chain fatty acid profiles and tight-junction protein expression in apoe-knockout rats fed high-fat diets}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12041202}},
  doi          = {{10.3390/nu12041202}},
  volume       = {{12}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}