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Characterisation of worn WC tool using STEM-EDS aided by principal component analysis

Lazar, Isac LU orcid ; Lindvall, Rebecka LU ; Lenrick, Filip LU orcid ; Bushlya, Volodymyr LU and Ek, Martin LU orcid (2021) In Journal of Microscopy 283(1). p.64-73
Abstract

Interdiffusion and chemical reactions contribute to tool wear in metal machining. Increased understanding of these processes, through characterisation of worn tools, can facilitate design of more resilient materials through chemical and diffusional passivation. However, the unknown reaction conditions, the large number of elements, and the formation of interspersed phases makes for a complex analysis. Here, we demonstrate the use of scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy for characterising the interaction layer between a titanium alloy and a cemented carbide tool. Principal component analysis is used to find chemical correlations and help separate signals from embedded phases. Crucially, we... (More)

Interdiffusion and chemical reactions contribute to tool wear in metal machining. Increased understanding of these processes, through characterisation of worn tools, can facilitate design of more resilient materials through chemical and diffusional passivation. However, the unknown reaction conditions, the large number of elements, and the formation of interspersed phases makes for a complex analysis. Here, we demonstrate the use of scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy for characterising the interaction layer between a titanium alloy and a cemented carbide tool. Principal component analysis is used to find chemical correlations and help separate signals from embedded phases. Crucially, we evaluate the required X-ray count statistics from simulated spectrum images and theory prior to the experiment. We find no indications of intermediate phases between the original WC and the metallic W interaction layer. Furthermore, we find enrichment of minor constituents in the titanium alloy closest to the tool which alter the solubility of out-diffusing species, suggesting strong interrelations between the diffusion processes.

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author
; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
EDS, metal cutting, PCA, spectrum simulation, titanium, wear
in
Journal of Microscopy
volume
283
issue
1
pages
10 pages
publisher
John Wiley & Sons Inc.
external identifiers
  • pmid:33788272
  • scopus:85104897377
ISSN
0022-2720
DOI
10.1111/jmi.13009
project
Skärverktyg under luppen – in situ studier av förstärkning och degradering och av ytbeläggningar på atomär nivå
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
b8d73498-1f05-42a6-aa9d-8d84073a9d9a
date added to LUP
2021-05-11 10:57:58
date last changed
2024-03-23 04:24:24
@article{b8d73498-1f05-42a6-aa9d-8d84073a9d9a,
  abstract     = {{<p>Interdiffusion and chemical reactions contribute to tool wear in metal machining. Increased understanding of these processes, through characterisation of worn tools, can facilitate design of more resilient materials through chemical and diffusional passivation. However, the unknown reaction conditions, the large number of elements, and the formation of interspersed phases makes for a complex analysis. Here, we demonstrate the use of scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy for characterising the interaction layer between a titanium alloy and a cemented carbide tool. Principal component analysis is used to find chemical correlations and help separate signals from embedded phases. Crucially, we evaluate the required X-ray count statistics from simulated spectrum images and theory prior to the experiment. We find no indications of intermediate phases between the original WC and the metallic W interaction layer. Furthermore, we find enrichment of minor constituents in the titanium alloy closest to the tool which alter the solubility of out-diffusing species, suggesting strong interrelations between the diffusion processes.</p>}},
  author       = {{Lazar, Isac and Lindvall, Rebecka and Lenrick, Filip and Bushlya, Volodymyr and Ek, Martin}},
  issn         = {{0022-2720}},
  keywords     = {{EDS; metal cutting; PCA; spectrum simulation; titanium; wear}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{07}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{64--73}},
  publisher    = {{John Wiley & Sons Inc.}},
  series       = {{Journal of Microscopy}},
  title        = {{Characterisation of worn WC tool using STEM-EDS aided by principal component analysis}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jmi.13009}},
  doi          = {{10.1111/jmi.13009}},
  volume       = {{283}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}