Similarity-based reasoning in conceptual spaces
(2023) In Frontiers in Psychology 14.- Abstract
Whereas the validity of deductive inferences can be characterized in terms of their logical form, this is not true for all inferences that appear pre-theoretically valid. Nonetheless, philosophers have argued that at least some of those inferences—sometimes called “similarity-based inferences” —can be given a formal treatment with the help of similarity spaces, which are mathematical spaces purporting to represent human similarity judgments. In these inferences, we conclude that a given property pertains to a category of items on the grounds that the same property pertains to a similar category of items. We look at a specific proposal according to which the strength of such inferences is a function of the distance, as measured in the... (More)
Whereas the validity of deductive inferences can be characterized in terms of their logical form, this is not true for all inferences that appear pre-theoretically valid. Nonetheless, philosophers have argued that at least some of those inferences—sometimes called “similarity-based inferences” —can be given a formal treatment with the help of similarity spaces, which are mathematical spaces purporting to represent human similarity judgments. In these inferences, we conclude that a given property pertains to a category of items on the grounds that the same property pertains to a similar category of items. We look at a specific proposal according to which the strength of such inferences is a function of the distance, as measured in the appropriate similarity space, between the category referenced in the premise and the category referenced in the conclusion. We report the outcomes of three studies that all support the said proposal.
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- author
- Douven, Igor ; Verheyen, Steven ; Elqayam, Shira ; Gärdenfors, Peter LU and Osta-Vélez, Matías LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2023
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- category-based induction, conceptual spaces, inference, similarity, similarity based reasoning
- in
- Frontiers in Psychology
- volume
- 14
- article number
- 1234483
- publisher
- Frontiers Media S. A.
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:37731876
- scopus:85171565145
- ISSN
- 1664-1078
- DOI
- 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1234483
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- bcd91f45-b179-4c08-91f4-846174b6c62c
- date added to LUP
- 2023-12-20 14:00:49
- date last changed
- 2024-04-18 23:39:20
@article{bcd91f45-b179-4c08-91f4-846174b6c62c,
abstract = {{<p>Whereas the validity of deductive inferences can be characterized in terms of their logical form, this is not true for all inferences that appear pre-theoretically valid. Nonetheless, philosophers have argued that at least some of those inferences—sometimes called “similarity-based inferences” —can be given a formal treatment with the help of similarity spaces, which are mathematical spaces purporting to represent human similarity judgments. In these inferences, we conclude that a given property pertains to a category of items on the grounds that the same property pertains to a similar category of items. We look at a specific proposal according to which the strength of such inferences is a function of the distance, as measured in the appropriate similarity space, between the category referenced in the premise and the category referenced in the conclusion. We report the outcomes of three studies that all support the said proposal.</p>}},
author = {{Douven, Igor and Verheyen, Steven and Elqayam, Shira and Gärdenfors, Peter and Osta-Vélez, Matías}},
issn = {{1664-1078}},
keywords = {{category-based induction; conceptual spaces; inference; similarity; similarity based reasoning}},
language = {{eng}},
publisher = {{Frontiers Media S. A.}},
series = {{Frontiers in Psychology}},
title = {{Similarity-based reasoning in conceptual spaces}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1234483}},
doi = {{10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1234483}},
volume = {{14}},
year = {{2023}},
}