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Performance and wear mechanisms of uncoated cemented carbide cutting tools in Ti6Al4V machining

Lindvall, Rebecka LU ; Lenrick, Filip LU orcid ; M'Saoubi, Rachid ; Ståhl, Jan Eric LU and Bushlya, Volodymyr LU (2021) In Wear 477.
Abstract

The primary tool material when machining Ti6Al4V titanium alloy is uncoated straight cemented carbide. This study examines the performance of these materials during high-speed finish turning, and uses the advanced microscopy methods of SEM, (S)TEM, XEDS, and SAED to explore the fundamental tool wear mechanisms. The wear modes include a combination of flank wear and rake cratering. Four individual TEM lamellae were extracted from the crater and flank of one as-worn tool to investigate the wear mechanisms of cemented carbide exposed to different temperatures and contact conditions. The main wear mechanism identified is temperature-driven diffusion. Outward carbon diffusion occurs from surface WC grains into the adhered Ti alloy, which... (More)

The primary tool material when machining Ti6Al4V titanium alloy is uncoated straight cemented carbide. This study examines the performance of these materials during high-speed finish turning, and uses the advanced microscopy methods of SEM, (S)TEM, XEDS, and SAED to explore the fundamental tool wear mechanisms. The wear modes include a combination of flank wear and rake cratering. Four individual TEM lamellae were extracted from the crater and flank of one as-worn tool to investigate the wear mechanisms of cemented carbide exposed to different temperatures and contact conditions. The main wear mechanism identified is temperature-driven diffusion. Outward carbon diffusion occurs from surface WC grains into the adhered Ti alloy, which results in a layer of metallic tungsten. Dissolution of the W layer leads to doping of the α-Ti, thus causing its transformation into the β-Ti phase. At the same time, carbon-depleted WC grains interact with the Co binder, inducing formation of Co3W. Additional wear mechanisms include inward titanium diffusion, resulting in formation of TiC on both sides of the W layer. Simultaneously, TiCo2 is formed in Co-rich regions in the vicinity of the tool-chip interface. These reaction products retard direct dissolution of tool material in Ti6Al4V, thus acting as localized tool protection layers.

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author
; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Cemented carbide, Chemical wear, Diffusional wear, Ti6Al4V, Tool protection layer, Tool wear
in
Wear
volume
477
article number
203824
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • scopus:85103702731
ISSN
0043-1648
DOI
10.1016/j.wear.2021.203824
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
c066c945-1899-401c-9df6-01582de9d28b
date added to LUP
2021-04-16 09:05:47
date last changed
2024-03-08 11:11:15
@article{c066c945-1899-401c-9df6-01582de9d28b,
  abstract     = {{<p>The primary tool material when machining Ti6Al4V titanium alloy is uncoated straight cemented carbide. This study examines the performance of these materials during high-speed finish turning, and uses the advanced microscopy methods of SEM, (S)TEM, XEDS, and SAED to explore the fundamental tool wear mechanisms. The wear modes include a combination of flank wear and rake cratering. Four individual TEM lamellae were extracted from the crater and flank of one as-worn tool to investigate the wear mechanisms of cemented carbide exposed to different temperatures and contact conditions. The main wear mechanism identified is temperature-driven diffusion. Outward carbon diffusion occurs from surface WC grains into the adhered Ti alloy, which results in a layer of metallic tungsten. Dissolution of the W layer leads to doping of the α-Ti, thus causing its transformation into the β-Ti phase. At the same time, carbon-depleted WC grains interact with the Co binder, inducing formation of Co<sub>3</sub>W. Additional wear mechanisms include inward titanium diffusion, resulting in formation of TiC on both sides of the W layer. Simultaneously, TiCo<sub>2</sub> is formed in Co-rich regions in the vicinity of the tool-chip interface. These reaction products retard direct dissolution of tool material in Ti6Al4V, thus acting as localized tool protection layers.</p>}},
  author       = {{Lindvall, Rebecka and Lenrick, Filip and M'Saoubi, Rachid and Ståhl, Jan Eric and Bushlya, Volodymyr}},
  issn         = {{0043-1648}},
  keywords     = {{Cemented carbide; Chemical wear; Diffusional wear; Ti6Al4V; Tool protection layer; Tool wear}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{07}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Wear}},
  title        = {{Performance and wear mechanisms of uncoated cemented carbide cutting tools in Ti6Al4V machining}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2021.203824}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.wear.2021.203824}},
  volume       = {{477}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}