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Slowly progressive dementia caused by MAPT R406W mutations : Longitudinal report on a new kindred and systematic review

Ygland, Emil LU ; Van Westen, Danielle LU orcid ; Englund, Elisabet LU orcid ; Rademakers, Rosa ; Wszolek, Zbigniew K. ; Nilsson, Karin LU ; Nilsson, Christer LU ; Landqvist Waldö, Maria LU ; Alafuzoff, Irina and Hansson, Oskar LU orcid , et al. (2018) In Alzheimer's Research and Therapy 10(1).
Abstract

Background: The MAPT c.1216C > T (p.Arg406Trp; R406W) mutation is a known cause of frontotemporal dementia with Parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 tau with Alzheimer's disease-like clinical features. Methods: We compiled clinical data from a new Swedish kindred with R406W mutation. Seven family members were followed longitudinally for up to 22 years. Radiological examinations were performed in six family members and neuropathological examinations in three. We systematically reviewed the literature and compiled clinical, radiological, and neuropathological data on 63 previously described R406W heterozygotes and 3 homozygotes. Results: For all cases combined, the median age of onset was 56 years and the median disease duration was 13... (More)

Background: The MAPT c.1216C > T (p.Arg406Trp; R406W) mutation is a known cause of frontotemporal dementia with Parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 tau with Alzheimer's disease-like clinical features. Methods: We compiled clinical data from a new Swedish kindred with R406W mutation. Seven family members were followed longitudinally for up to 22 years. Radiological examinations were performed in six family members and neuropathological examinations in three. We systematically reviewed the literature and compiled clinical, radiological, and neuropathological data on 63 previously described R406W heterozygotes and 3 homozygotes. Results: For all cases combined, the median age of onset was 56 years and the median disease duration was 13 years. Memory impairment was the most frequent symptom, behavioral disturbance and language impairment were less common, and Parkinsonism was rare. Disease progression was most often slow. The most frequent clinical diagnosis was Alzheimer's disease. R406W homozygotes had an earlier age at onset and a higher frequency of behavioral symptoms and Parkinsonism than heterozygotes. In the new Swedish kindred, a consistent imaging finding was ventromedial temporal lobe atrophy, which was evident also in early disease stages as a widening of the collateral sulcus with ensuing atrophy of the parahippocampal gyrus. Unlike previously published R406W carriers, all three autopsied patients from the novel family showed neuropathological similarities with progressive supranuclear palsy, with predominant four-repeat (exon 10+) tau isoform (4R) tauopathy and neurofibrillary tangles accentuated in the basal-medial temporal lobe. Amyloid-β pathology was absent. Conclusions: Dominance of 4R over three-repeat (exon 10-) tau isoforms contrasts with earlier reports of R406W patients and was not sufficiently explained by the presence of H1/H2 haplotypes in two of the autopsied patients. R406W patients often show a long course of disease with marked memory deficits. Both our neuropathological results and our imaging findings revealed that the ventromedial temporal lobes were extensively affected in the disease. We suggest that this area may represent the point of origin of tau deposition in this disease with relatively isolated tauopathy.

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Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Alzheimer's Research and Therapy
volume
10
issue
1
article number
2
publisher
BioMed Central (BMC)
external identifiers
  • pmid:29370822
  • scopus:85041469507
ISSN
1758-9193
DOI
10.1186/s13195-017-0330-2
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
c1ff62a5-42f7-4079-9904-5495a855e66e
date added to LUP
2018-02-21 13:07:12
date last changed
2024-03-18 03:35:03
@article{c1ff62a5-42f7-4079-9904-5495a855e66e,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background: The MAPT c.1216C &gt; T (p.Arg406Trp; R406W) mutation is a known cause of frontotemporal dementia with Parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 tau with Alzheimer's disease-like clinical features. Methods: We compiled clinical data from a new Swedish kindred with R406W mutation. Seven family members were followed longitudinally for up to 22 years. Radiological examinations were performed in six family members and neuropathological examinations in three. We systematically reviewed the literature and compiled clinical, radiological, and neuropathological data on 63 previously described R406W heterozygotes and 3 homozygotes. Results: For all cases combined, the median age of onset was 56 years and the median disease duration was 13 years. Memory impairment was the most frequent symptom, behavioral disturbance and language impairment were less common, and Parkinsonism was rare. Disease progression was most often slow. The most frequent clinical diagnosis was Alzheimer's disease. R406W homozygotes had an earlier age at onset and a higher frequency of behavioral symptoms and Parkinsonism than heterozygotes. In the new Swedish kindred, a consistent imaging finding was ventromedial temporal lobe atrophy, which was evident also in early disease stages as a widening of the collateral sulcus with ensuing atrophy of the parahippocampal gyrus. Unlike previously published R406W carriers, all three autopsied patients from the novel family showed neuropathological similarities with progressive supranuclear palsy, with predominant four-repeat (exon 10+) tau isoform (4R) tauopathy and neurofibrillary tangles accentuated in the basal-medial temporal lobe. Amyloid-β pathology was absent. Conclusions: Dominance of 4R over three-repeat (exon 10-) tau isoforms contrasts with earlier reports of R406W patients and was not sufficiently explained by the presence of H1/H2 haplotypes in two of the autopsied patients. R406W patients often show a long course of disease with marked memory deficits. Both our neuropathological results and our imaging findings revealed that the ventromedial temporal lobes were extensively affected in the disease. We suggest that this area may represent the point of origin of tau deposition in this disease with relatively isolated tauopathy.</p>}},
  author       = {{Ygland, Emil and Van Westen, Danielle and Englund, Elisabet and Rademakers, Rosa and Wszolek, Zbigniew K. and Nilsson, Karin and Nilsson, Christer and Landqvist Waldö, Maria and Alafuzoff, Irina and Hansson, Oskar and Gustafson, Lars and Puschmann, Andreas}},
  issn         = {{1758-9193}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{01}},
  number       = {{1}},
  publisher    = {{BioMed Central (BMC)}},
  series       = {{Alzheimer's Research and Therapy}},
  title        = {{Slowly progressive dementia caused by MAPT R406W mutations : Longitudinal report on a new kindred and systematic review}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13195-017-0330-2}},
  doi          = {{10.1186/s13195-017-0330-2}},
  volume       = {{10}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}