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Relation between umbilical cord blood pH, base deficit, lactate, 5-minute Apgar score and development of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.

Wiberg, Nana LU orcid ; Källén, Karin LU ; Herbst, Andreas LU and Olofsson, Per LU (2010) In Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 89(10). p.1263-1269
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Umbilical cord acid-base analysis is fundamental for assessing intrapartum hypoxia. The accuracy of arterial umbilical cord blood lactate, pH and base deficit to reflect a low 5-minute Apgar score and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) stage 2-3 was assessed, and new gestational age-adjusted reference standards were compared with traditional stationary reference values. DESIGN AND SAMPLE: A total of 13,735 pH-validated routine cord acid-base values from singleton deliveries were tested with stationary and gestational age-adjusted reference values using receiver operating characteristic curves and calculation of area under curve. SETTING: University hospital. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Accuracy of low pH, high base deficit and... (More)
OBJECTIVE: Umbilical cord acid-base analysis is fundamental for assessing intrapartum hypoxia. The accuracy of arterial umbilical cord blood lactate, pH and base deficit to reflect a low 5-minute Apgar score and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) stage 2-3 was assessed, and new gestational age-adjusted reference standards were compared with traditional stationary reference values. DESIGN AND SAMPLE: A total of 13,735 pH-validated routine cord acid-base values from singleton deliveries were tested with stationary and gestational age-adjusted reference values using receiver operating characteristic curves and calculation of area under curve. SETTING: University hospital. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Accuracy of low pH, high base deficit and high lactate, alone or in combination, to imply 5-minute Apgar score < 7 or < 4 or HIE. RESULTS: Gestational age-adjusted values were for all parameters significantly better than crude values to indicate Apgar score < 7. For Apgar score < 4, the differences were not significant. The frequency of HIE was 0.046%, making statistical analyses pointless. Gestational age-adjusted lactate had the overall best accuracy and among combinations; a low age-adjusted pH plus high age-adjusted lactate was slightly better than a low age-adjusted pH plus high age-adjusted base deficit. The sensitivity and positive predictive value were low for all parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Lactate in cord arterial blood at birth is at least as good as base deficit to reflect an impaired condition at birth, and best when gestational age-adjusted values are used. Due to methodological confounding involved in calculation of base deficit, lactate may replace base deficit as an acid-base outcome parameter at birth. (Less)
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author
; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain: blood, Carbon Dioxide: blood, Fetal Blood: chemistry, Brain: etiology, Brain: physiopathology, Lactic Acid: blood
in
Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
volume
89
issue
10
pages
1263 - 1269
publisher
Wiley-Blackwell
external identifiers
  • wos:000282963700005
  • pmid:20846059
  • scopus:77956846897
ISSN
1600-0412
DOI
10.3109/00016349.2010.513426
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
c7b1137a-45ff-4702-87fd-f105b591d752 (old id 1688185)
alternative location
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20846059?dopt=Abstract
date added to LUP
2016-04-04 09:15:07
date last changed
2022-03-31 01:47:21
@article{c7b1137a-45ff-4702-87fd-f105b591d752,
  abstract     = {{OBJECTIVE: Umbilical cord acid-base analysis is fundamental for assessing intrapartum hypoxia. The accuracy of arterial umbilical cord blood lactate, pH and base deficit to reflect a low 5-minute Apgar score and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) stage 2-3 was assessed, and new gestational age-adjusted reference standards were compared with traditional stationary reference values. DESIGN AND SAMPLE: A total of 13,735 pH-validated routine cord acid-base values from singleton deliveries were tested with stationary and gestational age-adjusted reference values using receiver operating characteristic curves and calculation of area under curve. SETTING: University hospital. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Accuracy of low pH, high base deficit and high lactate, alone or in combination, to imply 5-minute Apgar score &lt; 7 or &lt; 4 or HIE. RESULTS: Gestational age-adjusted values were for all parameters significantly better than crude values to indicate Apgar score &lt; 7. For Apgar score &lt; 4, the differences were not significant. The frequency of HIE was 0.046%, making statistical analyses pointless. Gestational age-adjusted lactate had the overall best accuracy and among combinations; a low age-adjusted pH plus high age-adjusted lactate was slightly better than a low age-adjusted pH plus high age-adjusted base deficit. The sensitivity and positive predictive value were low for all parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Lactate in cord arterial blood at birth is at least as good as base deficit to reflect an impaired condition at birth, and best when gestational age-adjusted values are used. Due to methodological confounding involved in calculation of base deficit, lactate may replace base deficit as an acid-base outcome parameter at birth.}},
  author       = {{Wiberg, Nana and Källén, Karin and Herbst, Andreas and Olofsson, Per}},
  issn         = {{1600-0412}},
  keywords     = {{Hypoxia-Ischemia; Brain: blood; Carbon Dioxide: blood; Fetal Blood: chemistry; Brain: etiology; Brain: physiopathology; Lactic Acid: blood}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{10}},
  pages        = {{1263--1269}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley-Blackwell}},
  series       = {{Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica}},
  title        = {{Relation between umbilical cord blood pH, base deficit, lactate, 5-minute Apgar score and development of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00016349.2010.513426}},
  doi          = {{10.3109/00016349.2010.513426}},
  volume       = {{89}},
  year         = {{2010}},
}