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Elevated Markers of Death Receptor-Activated Apoptosis are Associated with Increased Risk for Development of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease

Yao Mattisson, Ingrid LU ; Björkbacka, Harry LU orcid ; Wigren, Maria LU ; Edsfeldt, Andreas LU ; Melander, Olle LU orcid ; Fredrikson, Gunilla Nordin LU ; Bengtsson, Eva LU orcid ; Gonçalves, Isabel LU orcid ; Orho-Melander, Marju LU and Engström, Gunnar LU , et al. (2017) In EBioMedicine 26. p.187-197
Abstract

Background An increased rate of cell death by apoptosis has been implicated in both diabetes and atherosclerosis. Apoptosis can be induced through activation of the death receptors TNF receptor 1 (TNFR-1), TRAIL receptor 2 (TRAILR-2) and Fas. Soluble forms of these receptors are found in plasma. The objective of this study was to determine if soluble death receptors are markers of receptor-activated apoptosis and predict risk for development of diabetes and cardiovascular events. Methods Fas ligand was used to induce apoptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and INS-1 pancreatic β-cells and release of TNFR-1, TRAILR-2 and Fas measured by ELISA. Proximity Extension Assay was used to analyze plasma levels of TNFR-1, TRAILR-2 and Fas... (More)

Background An increased rate of cell death by apoptosis has been implicated in both diabetes and atherosclerosis. Apoptosis can be induced through activation of the death receptors TNF receptor 1 (TNFR-1), TRAIL receptor 2 (TRAILR-2) and Fas. Soluble forms of these receptors are found in plasma. The objective of this study was to determine if soluble death receptors are markers of receptor-activated apoptosis and predict risk for development of diabetes and cardiovascular events. Methods Fas ligand was used to induce apoptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and INS-1 pancreatic β-cells and release of TNFR-1, TRAILR-2 and Fas measured by ELISA. Proximity Extension Assay was used to analyze plasma levels of TNFR-1, TRAILR-2 and Fas in baseline samples of 4742 subjects in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study and related to development of diabetes and cardiovascular events during 19.2 years of follow-up. Results Activation of apoptosis by Fas ligand was associated with release of soluble Fas, TNFR-1 and TRAILR-2 in both cell types. Circulating levels of all three receptors were higher in subjects with diabetes and correlated with markers of impaired glucose metabolism in non-diabetic subjects. Among the latter, those in the highest tertile of soluble Fas, TNFR-1 and TRAILR-2 had increased risk for development of diabetes and cardiovascular events. These associations became weaker when adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors in Cox regression models, but remained significant for TRAILR-2 with incident diabetes, cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke, and for TNFR-1 with myocardial infarction. Conclusion The present study demonstrates an association between several cardiovascular risk factors and elevated levels of circulating markers of apoptotic cell death. It also shows that subjects with high levels of these biomarkers have increased risk of diabetes and CVD. This implies that soluble death receptors are markers of β-cell and vascular injury and potentially could be used as surrogate markers of therapeutic efficiency in risk factor interventions.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Apoptosis, Diabetes mellitus, Ischemic stroke, Myocardial infarction
in
EBioMedicine
volume
26
pages
11 pages
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • scopus:85036577298
  • pmid:29208468
ISSN
2352-3964
DOI
10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.11.023
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
c8703c0c-84d9-4657-b44b-e49d91007d74
date added to LUP
2017-12-21 12:07:06
date last changed
2024-03-31 20:29:15
@article{c8703c0c-84d9-4657-b44b-e49d91007d74,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background An increased rate of cell death by apoptosis has been implicated in both diabetes and atherosclerosis. Apoptosis can be induced through activation of the death receptors TNF receptor 1 (TNFR-1), TRAIL receptor 2 (TRAILR-2) and Fas. Soluble forms of these receptors are found in plasma. The objective of this study was to determine if soluble death receptors are markers of receptor-activated apoptosis and predict risk for development of diabetes and cardiovascular events. Methods Fas ligand was used to induce apoptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and INS-1 pancreatic β-cells and release of TNFR-1, TRAILR-2 and Fas measured by ELISA. Proximity Extension Assay was used to analyze plasma levels of TNFR-1, TRAILR-2 and Fas in baseline samples of 4742 subjects in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study and related to development of diabetes and cardiovascular events during 19.2 years of follow-up. Results Activation of apoptosis by Fas ligand was associated with release of soluble Fas, TNFR-1 and TRAILR-2 in both cell types. Circulating levels of all three receptors were higher in subjects with diabetes and correlated with markers of impaired glucose metabolism in non-diabetic subjects. Among the latter, those in the highest tertile of soluble Fas, TNFR-1 and TRAILR-2 had increased risk for development of diabetes and cardiovascular events. These associations became weaker when adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors in Cox regression models, but remained significant for TRAILR-2 with incident diabetes, cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke, and for TNFR-1 with myocardial infarction. Conclusion The present study demonstrates an association between several cardiovascular risk factors and elevated levels of circulating markers of apoptotic cell death. It also shows that subjects with high levels of these biomarkers have increased risk of diabetes and CVD. This implies that soluble death receptors are markers of β-cell and vascular injury and potentially could be used as surrogate markers of therapeutic efficiency in risk factor interventions.</p>}},
  author       = {{Yao Mattisson, Ingrid and Björkbacka, Harry and Wigren, Maria and Edsfeldt, Andreas and Melander, Olle and Fredrikson, Gunilla Nordin and Bengtsson, Eva and Gonçalves, Isabel and Orho-Melander, Marju and Engström, Gunnar and Almgren, Peter and Nilsson, Jan}},
  issn         = {{2352-3964}},
  keywords     = {{Apoptosis; Diabetes mellitus; Ischemic stroke; Myocardial infarction}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{12}},
  pages        = {{187--197}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{EBioMedicine}},
  title        = {{Elevated Markers of Death Receptor-Activated Apoptosis are Associated with Increased Risk for Development of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.11.023}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.11.023}},
  volume       = {{26}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}