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Effects of breathing variables on modelled particle lung deposition at physical activity for children and adults

Linell, Julia LU ; Isaxon, Christina LU ; Olsson, Bo ; Stroh, Emilie LU orcid ; Wollmer, Per LU ; Löndahl, Jakob LU orcid and Rissler, Jenny LU (2023) In Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health
Abstract

The respiratory tract deposited fraction (DF) is the link between exposure and health effects of airborne particles. Here, we investigate how breathing pattern alterations at increasing physical activity affect DF in different regions of the respiratory tract and compare DF between adults and children (5 and 10 years old). We performed a literature review on the alteration of tidal volume with minute ventilation at increasing physical activity and used the results to model the size resolved (0.001–10 µm) DF, primarily using the deposition models from NCRP and Yeh and Schum (1980), but also MPPD. We found a shift in the deposited size distribution with increasing physical activity—DF of ultrafine particles increased in the alveolar... (More)

The respiratory tract deposited fraction (DF) is the link between exposure and health effects of airborne particles. Here, we investigate how breathing pattern alterations at increasing physical activity affect DF in different regions of the respiratory tract and compare DF between adults and children (5 and 10 years old). We performed a literature review on the alteration of tidal volume with minute ventilation at increasing physical activity and used the results to model the size resolved (0.001–10 µm) DF, primarily using the deposition models from NCRP and Yeh and Schum (1980), but also MPPD. We found a shift in the deposited size distribution with increasing physical activity—DF of ultrafine particles increased in the alveolar region and decreased in the other regions, while DF of coarser particles decreased in the alveolar region and increased in the extra-thoracic region. Children had a 10–20% higher DF of ultrafine particles in the alveolar region compared to adults. We also present parametrizations of the daily average size resolved (0.005–5 µm) DF, accounting for varying physical activity throughout the day and oral/nasal breathing. These can be applied to any size distribution to estimate deposited doses. We found that deposited mass and number doses were more than twice as high for 5-year-olds compared to adults when normalized for body weight, primarily caused by their higher weight normalized minute ventilation. This demonstrates the importance of studying children’s exposure to air pollution and not only rely on data from adults.

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author
; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
epub
subject
keywords
Air pollution, Deposited dose, Deposited fraction, Inhaled particles, Ultrafine particles
in
Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health
publisher
Springer
external identifiers
  • scopus:85181214903
ISSN
1873-9318
DOI
10.1007/s11869-023-01484-0
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
ce3c8eee-2fb3-4599-9fcc-1349ad9ccef4
date added to LUP
2024-01-31 15:07:24
date last changed
2024-02-01 03:16:40
@article{ce3c8eee-2fb3-4599-9fcc-1349ad9ccef4,
  abstract     = {{<p>The respiratory tract deposited fraction (DF) is the link between exposure and health effects of airborne particles. Here, we investigate how breathing pattern alterations at increasing physical activity affect DF in different regions of the respiratory tract and compare DF between adults and children (5 and 10 years old). We performed a literature review on the alteration of tidal volume with minute ventilation at increasing physical activity and used the results to model the size resolved (0.001–10 µm) DF, primarily using the deposition models from NCRP and Yeh and Schum (1980), but also MPPD. We found a shift in the deposited size distribution with increasing physical activity—DF of ultrafine particles increased in the alveolar region and decreased in the other regions, while DF of coarser particles decreased in the alveolar region and increased in the extra-thoracic region. Children had a 10–20% higher DF of ultrafine particles in the alveolar region compared to adults. We also present parametrizations of the daily average size resolved (0.005–5 µm) DF, accounting for varying physical activity throughout the day and oral/nasal breathing. These can be applied to any size distribution to estimate deposited doses. We found that deposited mass and number doses were more than twice as high for 5-year-olds compared to adults when normalized for body weight, primarily caused by their higher weight normalized minute ventilation. This demonstrates the importance of studying children’s exposure to air pollution and not only rely on data from adults.</p>}},
  author       = {{Linell, Julia and Isaxon, Christina and Olsson, Bo and Stroh, Emilie and Wollmer, Per and Löndahl, Jakob and Rissler, Jenny}},
  issn         = {{1873-9318}},
  keywords     = {{Air pollution; Deposited dose; Deposited fraction; Inhaled particles; Ultrafine particles}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Springer}},
  series       = {{Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health}},
  title        = {{Effects of breathing variables on modelled particle lung deposition at physical activity for children and adults}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11869-023-01484-0}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s11869-023-01484-0}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}