Dynamic process simulation for life cycle inventory data acquisition – Environmental assessment of biological and chemical phosphorus removal
Högstrand, Sofia LU
; Wärff, Christoffer
LU
; Svanström, Magdalena
and Jönsson, Karin
LU
(2024)
In Journal of Cleaner Production
479.
- Abstract
In Sweden, phosphorus is commonly removed from municipal wastewater treatment by chemical precipitation (CP). Recently, such alternatives as enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) have garnered interest due to the increased risk of chemical shortage. In this study, a life cycle assessment (LCA) was performed to compare EBPR and CP in three scenarios: 1) baseline – precipitation chemicals available, 2) stricter effluent requirements – precipitation chemicals available, and 3) chemical shortage – no precipitation chemicals available. Data acquisition that was based on dynamic process simulation was useful, yielding more site-specific results, in contrast to standard literature values. The results indicated substantial differences... (More)
In Sweden, phosphorus is commonly removed from municipal wastewater treatment by chemical precipitation (CP). Recently, such alternatives as enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) have garnered interest due to the increased risk of chemical shortage. In this study, a life cycle assessment (LCA) was performed to compare EBPR and CP in three scenarios: 1) baseline – precipitation chemicals available, 2) stricter effluent requirements – precipitation chemicals available, and 3) chemical shortage – no precipitation chemicals available. Data acquisition that was based on dynamic process simulation was useful, yielding more site-specific results, in contrast to standard literature values. The results indicated substantial differences in greenhouse gas emissions between configurations (around three times higher methane emissions for EBPR compared to CP configurations – although this finding requires further validation). These differences suggest that different emission factors for EBPR and CP should be considered. Furthermore, it is suggested to include waterline methane emissions, at least when the configuration incorporates anaerobic reactors in the water line. Further validation of emissions is necessary, especially for EBPR plants with side-stream hydrolysis and digester reject water treatment. The LCA results showed a similar overall environmental impact for both configurations, but the results of individual impact categories differed. EBPR caused greater climate impact due to the larger direct emissions of methane. Toxicity was more important for CP, based on the inherent heavy metal content in precipitation chemicals. Freshwater eutrophication was similar for both configurations, assuming that precipitation chemicals were available. However, if the recipient is sensitive, implementing EBPR reduces the freshwater eutrophication potential by 75% during a chemical shortage, and should be considered.
(Less)
- author
- Högstrand, Sofia
LU
; Wärff, Christoffer
LU
; Svanström, Magdalena
and Jönsson, Karin
LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2024-11-10
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Chemical phosphorus removal, Chemical precipitation, Dynamic simulation, Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR), Life cycle assessment (LCA), Process modelling
- in
- Journal of Cleaner Production
- volume
- 479
- article number
- 144047
- pages
- 14 pages
- publisher
- Elsevier
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:85207324243
- ISSN
- 0959-6526
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.144047
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- additional info
- Publisher Copyright: © 2024
- id
- d1c3e67e-1bd5-4d5d-8d97-914bb352e71e
- date added to LUP
- 2024-11-13 13:39:10
- date last changed
- 2025-04-04 14:06:11
@article{d1c3e67e-1bd5-4d5d-8d97-914bb352e71e,
abstract = {{<p>In Sweden, phosphorus is commonly removed from municipal wastewater treatment by chemical precipitation (CP). Recently, such alternatives as enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) have garnered interest due to the increased risk of chemical shortage. In this study, a life cycle assessment (LCA) was performed to compare EBPR and CP in three scenarios: 1) baseline – precipitation chemicals available, 2) stricter effluent requirements – precipitation chemicals available, and 3) chemical shortage – no precipitation chemicals available. Data acquisition that was based on dynamic process simulation was useful, yielding more site-specific results, in contrast to standard literature values. The results indicated substantial differences in greenhouse gas emissions between configurations (around three times higher methane emissions for EBPR compared to CP configurations – although this finding requires further validation). These differences suggest that different emission factors for EBPR and CP should be considered. Furthermore, it is suggested to include waterline methane emissions, at least when the configuration incorporates anaerobic reactors in the water line. Further validation of emissions is necessary, especially for EBPR plants with side-stream hydrolysis and digester reject water treatment. The LCA results showed a similar overall environmental impact for both configurations, but the results of individual impact categories differed. EBPR caused greater climate impact due to the larger direct emissions of methane. Toxicity was more important for CP, based on the inherent heavy metal content in precipitation chemicals. Freshwater eutrophication was similar for both configurations, assuming that precipitation chemicals were available. However, if the recipient is sensitive, implementing EBPR reduces the freshwater eutrophication potential by 75% during a chemical shortage, and should be considered.</p>}},
author = {{Högstrand, Sofia and Wärff, Christoffer and Svanström, Magdalena and Jönsson, Karin}},
issn = {{0959-6526}},
keywords = {{Chemical phosphorus removal; Chemical precipitation; Dynamic simulation; Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR); Life cycle assessment (LCA); Process modelling}},
language = {{eng}},
month = {{11}},
publisher = {{Elsevier}},
series = {{Journal of Cleaner Production}},
title = {{Dynamic process simulation for life cycle inventory data acquisition – Environmental assessment of biological and chemical phosphorus removal}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.144047}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.144047}},
volume = {{479}},
year = {{2024}},
}