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Influence of Fuel and Technology on Particle Emissions from Biomass Cookstoves─Detailed Characterization of Physical and Chemical Properties

Lindgren, Robert ; García-López, Natxo ; Lovén, Karin LU ; Lundin, Lisa ; Pagels, Joakim LU and Boman, Christoffer (2025) In ACS Omega 10(5). p.4458-4472
Abstract

Globally, 3 billion people rely on solid biomass fuel for their everyday cooking, most often using inefficient cooking practices, leading to high exposure levels of household air pollution. This is subsequently associated with negative health and climate impact. Further, the inefficient use of biomass fuels applies pressure on natural forests, resulting in deforestation, loss of biodiversity, and soil degradation. Improved cookstove technologies and biomass fuels are being promoted to mitigate these issues. However, limited knowledge exists about how the interaction between stove technology and new fuels affects the physical and chemical properties of particulate emissions. In this study, the emission performance of four cookstove... (More)

Globally, 3 billion people rely on solid biomass fuel for their everyday cooking, most often using inefficient cooking practices, leading to high exposure levels of household air pollution. This is subsequently associated with negative health and climate impact. Further, the inefficient use of biomass fuels applies pressure on natural forests, resulting in deforestation, loss of biodiversity, and soil degradation. Improved cookstove technologies and biomass fuels are being promoted to mitigate these issues. However, limited knowledge exists about how the interaction between stove technology and new fuels affects the physical and chemical properties of particulate emissions. In this study, the emission performance of four cookstove technologies in combination with five fuels was evaluated in a laboratory setup, applying a modified water boiling test with a hood dilution system for flue gas sampling. Filter sampling was applied to determine the emissions of fine particulate matter (PM1) and for subsequent analysis of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC), organic- and elemental carbon, and inorganic composition. Particle mass size distribution was determined by using a 13-stage low-pressure cascade impactor. Online instruments were used to determine gaseous emissions (e.g., CO, CH4, and BTX) as well as particle number size distribution. The results show that both the stove design and fuel properties influence the total emissions as well as the physiochemical PM characteristics. It was further seen that the impact of fuel on the PM properties did not translate linearly among the different stove technologies. This implies that each stove should be tested with various fuels to determine both the total emissions and fuel suitability.

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author
; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
ACS Omega
volume
10
issue
5
pages
15 pages
publisher
The American Chemical Society (ACS)
external identifiers
  • pmid:39959098
  • scopus:85216729368
ISSN
2470-1343
DOI
10.1021/acsomega.4c07785
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
db5edc01-ec9e-44b2-9f22-a5e4dfad9e76
date added to LUP
2025-04-07 12:10:00
date last changed
2025-07-14 19:42:14
@article{db5edc01-ec9e-44b2-9f22-a5e4dfad9e76,
  abstract     = {{<p>Globally, 3 billion people rely on solid biomass fuel for their everyday cooking, most often using inefficient cooking practices, leading to high exposure levels of household air pollution. This is subsequently associated with negative health and climate impact. Further, the inefficient use of biomass fuels applies pressure on natural forests, resulting in deforestation, loss of biodiversity, and soil degradation. Improved cookstove technologies and biomass fuels are being promoted to mitigate these issues. However, limited knowledge exists about how the interaction between stove technology and new fuels affects the physical and chemical properties of particulate emissions. In this study, the emission performance of four cookstove technologies in combination with five fuels was evaluated in a laboratory setup, applying a modified water boiling test with a hood dilution system for flue gas sampling. Filter sampling was applied to determine the emissions of fine particulate matter (PM<sub>1</sub>) and for subsequent analysis of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC), organic- and elemental carbon, and inorganic composition. Particle mass size distribution was determined by using a 13-stage low-pressure cascade impactor. Online instruments were used to determine gaseous emissions (e.g., CO, CH<sub>4</sub>, and BTX) as well as particle number size distribution. The results show that both the stove design and fuel properties influence the total emissions as well as the physiochemical PM characteristics. It was further seen that the impact of fuel on the PM properties did not translate linearly among the different stove technologies. This implies that each stove should be tested with various fuels to determine both the total emissions and fuel suitability.</p>}},
  author       = {{Lindgren, Robert and García-López, Natxo and Lovén, Karin and Lundin, Lisa and Pagels, Joakim and Boman, Christoffer}},
  issn         = {{2470-1343}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{5}},
  pages        = {{4458--4472}},
  publisher    = {{The American Chemical Society (ACS)}},
  series       = {{ACS Omega}},
  title        = {{Influence of Fuel and Technology on Particle Emissions from Biomass Cookstoves─Detailed Characterization of Physical and Chemical Properties}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c07785}},
  doi          = {{10.1021/acsomega.4c07785}},
  volume       = {{10}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}