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Particle emissions from a modern heavy-duty diesel engine as ice nuclei in immersion freezing mode: a laboratory study on fossil and renewable fuels

Korhonen, Kimmo ; Bjerring Kristensen, Thomas LU ; Falk, John LU ; Malmborg, Vilhelm LU orcid ; Eriksson, Axel LU orcid ; Gren, Louise LU ; Novakovic, Maja LU ; Shamun, Sam LU ; Karjalainen, Panu LU and Markkula, Lassi , et al. (2022) In Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 22(23). p.1615-1631
Abstract
We studied ice-nucleating abilities of particulate emissions from a modern heavy-duty diesel engine using three different types of fuel. The polydisperse particle emissions were sampled during engine operation and introduced to a continuous-flow diffusion chamber (CFDC) instrument at a constant relative humidity RHwater=110 %, while the temperature was ramped between −43 and −32 ∘C (T scan). The tested fuels were EN 590 compliant low-sulfur fossil diesel, hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO), and rapeseed methyl ester (RME); all were tested without blending. Sampling was carried out at different stages in the engine exhaust aftertreatment system, with and without simulated atmospheric processing using an oxidation flow reactor. In addition to... (More)
We studied ice-nucleating abilities of particulate emissions from a modern heavy-duty diesel engine using three different types of fuel. The polydisperse particle emissions were sampled during engine operation and introduced to a continuous-flow diffusion chamber (CFDC) instrument at a constant relative humidity RHwater=110 %, while the temperature was ramped between −43 and −32 ∘C (T scan). The tested fuels were EN 590 compliant low-sulfur fossil diesel, hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO), and rapeseed methyl ester (RME); all were tested without blending. Sampling was carried out at different stages in the engine exhaust aftertreatment system, with and without simulated atmospheric processing using an oxidation flow reactor. In addition to ice nucleation experiments, we used supportive instrumentation to characterize the emitted particles for their physicochemical properties and presented six parameters. We found that the studied emissions contained no significant concentrations of ice-nucleating particles likely to be of atmospheric relevance. The substitution of fossil diesel with renewable fuels, using different emission aftertreatment systems such as a diesel oxidation catalyst, and photochemical aging of total exhaust had only minor effect on their ice-nucleating abilities. (Less)
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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Particle emissions, Heavy-duty engine, diesel, HVO, RME, Ice-nucleating particles
in
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
volume
22
issue
23
pages
17 pages
publisher
Copernicus GmbH
external identifiers
  • scopus:85124471175
ISSN
1680-7324
DOI
10.5194/acp-22-1615-2022
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
de5aff57-ff84-4d6c-b38c-331424faf2ab
date added to LUP
2022-02-18 13:33:09
date last changed
2022-05-19 09:38:14
@article{de5aff57-ff84-4d6c-b38c-331424faf2ab,
  abstract     = {{We studied ice-nucleating abilities of particulate emissions from a modern heavy-duty diesel engine using three different types of fuel. The polydisperse particle emissions were sampled during engine operation and introduced to a continuous-flow diffusion chamber (CFDC) instrument at a constant relative humidity RHwater=110 %, while the temperature was ramped between −43 and −32 ∘C (T scan). The tested fuels were EN 590 compliant low-sulfur fossil diesel, hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO), and rapeseed methyl ester (RME); all were tested without blending. Sampling was carried out at different stages in the engine exhaust aftertreatment system, with and without simulated atmospheric processing using an oxidation flow reactor. In addition to ice nucleation experiments, we used supportive instrumentation to characterize the emitted particles for their physicochemical properties and presented six parameters. We found that the studied emissions contained no significant concentrations of ice-nucleating particles likely to be of atmospheric relevance. The substitution of fossil diesel with renewable fuels, using different emission aftertreatment systems such as a diesel oxidation catalyst, and photochemical aging of total exhaust had only minor effect on their ice-nucleating abilities.}},
  author       = {{Korhonen, Kimmo and Bjerring Kristensen, Thomas and Falk, John and Malmborg, Vilhelm and Eriksson, Axel and Gren, Louise and Novakovic, Maja and Shamun, Sam and Karjalainen, Panu and Markkula, Lassi and Pagels, Joakim and Svenningsson, Birgitta and Tunér, Martin and Komppula, Mika and Laaksonen, Ari and Virtanen, Annele}},
  issn         = {{1680-7324}},
  keywords     = {{Particle emissions; Heavy-duty engine; diesel; HVO; RME; Ice-nucleating particles}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{02}},
  number       = {{23}},
  pages        = {{1615--1631}},
  publisher    = {{Copernicus GmbH}},
  series       = {{Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics}},
  title        = {{Particle emissions from a modern heavy-duty diesel engine as ice nuclei in immersion freezing mode: a laboratory study on fossil and renewable fuels}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1615-2022}},
  doi          = {{10.5194/acp-22-1615-2022}},
  volume       = {{22}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}