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Is there Really an Effect of Time Delays on Perceived Fluency and Social attributes between Humans and Social Robots? A Pilot Study

Stedtler, Samantha LU ; Fantasia, Valentina LU ; Tjøstheim, Trond A. LU ; Johansson, Birger LU orcid ; Brinck, Ingar LU orcid and Balkenius, Christian LU orcid (2024) HRI ’24: ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction p.1013-1017
Abstract
Humans are expert percievers of behavioural properties, including the timing of movements. Even short hesitancies and delays can be salient depending on the context. This article presents results from a pilot study on time delays in a human-robot interaction setting using the Wizard of Oz paradigm. Participants (n=17) played Tic-Tac-Toe with the humanoid robot Epi. They were randomized into one of three groups, where Epi either executed its movements with no delay, a short delay (4s) or a long delay (10s). Results from questionnaires measuring fluency, trust, anthropomorphism, animacy and likability were compared before and after the interaction and between the different groups. Although there was evidence of decreased perceived fluency... (More)
Humans are expert percievers of behavioural properties, including the timing of movements. Even short hesitancies and delays can be salient depending on the context. This article presents results from a pilot study on time delays in a human-robot interaction setting using the Wizard of Oz paradigm. Participants (n=17) played Tic-Tac-Toe with the humanoid robot Epi. They were randomized into one of three groups, where Epi either executed its movements with no delay, a short delay (4s) or a long delay (10s). Results from questionnaires measuring fluency, trust, anthropomorphism, animacy and likability were compared before and after the interaction and between the different groups. Although there was evidence of decreased perceived fluency after delays, the difference between the groups did not meet the threshold for statistical significance. The latter is true for our other measures used. We conclude that better statistical power is needed to be sure whether there is indeed an effect of time delays on robot-related attribution of social features. Suggestions are made in regards to how the study design could become more robust for a future, more large-scale study. In addition, we propose using measures that better account for the participants' embodied experiences by taking emotional and bodily states into consideration for future studies. (Less)
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author
; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Social Robots, Time delays, Robotic Movements, Turn-taking, Fluency, Animacy
host publication
HRI '24 : Companion of the 2024 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction - Companion of the 2024 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction
pages
5 pages
publisher
Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
conference name
HRI ’24: ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction
conference location
Boulder, CO, United States
conference dates
2024-03-11 - 2024-03-15
external identifiers
  • scopus:85188047789
ISBN
979-8-4007-0323-2
DOI
10.1145/3610978.3640667
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
de830080-5273-4b9c-89e4-d2df50adc7c4
date added to LUP
2024-03-13 19:37:05
date last changed
2024-04-03 10:52:38
@inproceedings{de830080-5273-4b9c-89e4-d2df50adc7c4,
  abstract     = {{Humans are expert percievers of behavioural properties, including the timing of movements. Even short hesitancies and delays can be salient depending on the context. This article presents results from a pilot study on time delays in a human-robot interaction setting using the Wizard of Oz paradigm. Participants (n=17) played Tic-Tac-Toe with the humanoid robot Epi. They were randomized into one of three groups, where Epi either executed its movements with no delay, a short delay (4s) or a long delay (10s). Results from questionnaires measuring fluency, trust, anthropomorphism, animacy and likability were compared before and after the interaction and between the different groups. Although there was evidence of decreased perceived fluency after delays, the difference between the groups did not meet the threshold for statistical significance. The latter is true for our other measures used. We conclude that better statistical power is needed to be sure whether there is indeed an effect of time delays on robot-related attribution of social features. Suggestions are made in regards to how the study design could become more robust for a future, more large-scale study. In addition, we propose using measures that better account for the participants' embodied experiences by taking emotional and bodily states into consideration for future studies.}},
  author       = {{Stedtler, Samantha and Fantasia, Valentina and Tjøstheim, Trond A. and Johansson, Birger and Brinck, Ingar and Balkenius, Christian}},
  booktitle    = {{HRI '24 : Companion of the 2024 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction}},
  isbn         = {{979-8-4007-0323-2}},
  keywords     = {{Social Robots; Time delays; Robotic Movements; Turn-taking; Fluency; Animacy}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{03}},
  pages        = {{1013--1017}},
  publisher    = {{Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)}},
  title        = {{Is there Really an Effect of Time Delays on Perceived Fluency and Social attributes between Humans and Social Robots? A Pilot Study}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3610978.3640667}},
  doi          = {{10.1145/3610978.3640667}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}