Expert- och deltagarperspektiv på stress hos scenartister
(1997)- Abstract
- The phenomenon of stress is often illustrated by means of the demand-control-support model, a model that has inspired many research efforts in the area of psychosocial work environment. According to the model, work that is characterised by high demands, low decision latitude and low social support affects aversively health and well-being. Work control and social support may on the other hand act as buffers and protect against stress effects. However, there is no agreement on how this process works. The purpose of the present study was to contribute to the developing knowledge of the stress phenomenon by combining two perspectives (the expert- and the participatory one) in a study of stage artists, an occupation differing from those... (More)
- The phenomenon of stress is often illustrated by means of the demand-control-support model, a model that has inspired many research efforts in the area of psychosocial work environment. According to the model, work that is characterised by high demands, low decision latitude and low social support affects aversively health and well-being. Work control and social support may on the other hand act as buffers and protect against stress effects. However, there is no agreement on how this process works. The purpose of the present study was to contribute to the developing knowledge of the stress phenomenon by combining two perspectives (the expert- and the participatory one) in a study of stage artists, an occupation differing from those investigated previously. One of the perspectives, the expert one, has its roots in the "main stream" tradition in work psychology and social medicine focusing on statistical testing of the demand-control-support model. The other perspective, the participation one, stems from the psychosocial tradition started in Sweden by Bertil Gardell and his colleagues, focusing on the active role of employees in the research process. The combination of the perspectives was expected to provide knowledge, which is more contextualized and valid.
The methods involved "research circles" and a survey distributed to 395 stage artists (actors, singers, dancers, choristers and musicians). "Research circles" served as a means of communication between researchers and artists shaping the survey's form and providing the interpretative frame for the results. In the statistical analysis of the survey data the main-, mediator and moderator effects of control and social support were tested.
The results show that work demands, control and social support act through main effect on psychological well-being and health for stage artists. Using a path analysis, no mediator effect of social support and control was found. The hiearchial multiple regression analysis revealed no moderator effects. Creation of meaning involved in the personal identity formation was disclosed in the discussion as being of central importance in the understanding of the artistic work. The study highlights the importance of examining specific groups in working life in order to obtain a contextualized knowledge of stress. The results also show a need to use different epistemological and methodological approaches. (Less) - Abstract (Swedish)
- Popular Abstract in Swedish
Fenomenet stress illustreras ofta med hjälp av den sk. krav-kontroll-stödmodellen, en modell som har inspirerat till mycket forskning inom området psykosocial arbetsmiljö. Enligt modellen har arbeten som karakteriseras av höga krav, dåliga möjligheter att påverka och lågt socialt stöd, negativa effekter på hälsa och välbefinnande. Å andra sidan kan kontrollmöjligheter i arbetet och socialt stöd verka som buffertar och skydda mot negativa effekter av stress. Det finns emellertid ingen enstämmig bild av hur denna process ser ut. Syftet med studien var att bidra till kunskapsutvecklingen kring fenomenet stress genom att kombinera två perspektiv (expert- och deltagarperspektiv) i en undersökning av... (More) - Popular Abstract in Swedish
Fenomenet stress illustreras ofta med hjälp av den sk. krav-kontroll-stödmodellen, en modell som har inspirerat till mycket forskning inom området psykosocial arbetsmiljö. Enligt modellen har arbeten som karakteriseras av höga krav, dåliga möjligheter att påverka och lågt socialt stöd, negativa effekter på hälsa och välbefinnande. Å andra sidan kan kontrollmöjligheter i arbetet och socialt stöd verka som buffertar och skydda mot negativa effekter av stress. Det finns emellertid ingen enstämmig bild av hur denna process ser ut. Syftet med studien var att bidra till kunskapsutvecklingen kring fenomenet stress genom att kombinera två perspektiv (expert- och deltagarperspektiv) i en undersökning av scenartister, en yrkesgrupp som skiljer sig från grupper som tidigare stått i fokus. Ett av perspektiven, expertperspektivet, har sina rötter inom "main stream" traditionen inom arbetspsykologi och socialmedicin och är inriktad mot att statistiskt testa krav-kontroll-stödmodellen. Det andra perspektivet, deltagarperspektivet, stammar från den socialpsykologiska forskningstraditionen som grundades i Sverige av Bertil Gardell och hans kollegor, vilka poängterade de anställdas aktiva roll i forskningsprocessen. Kombinationen av de båda perspektiven förväntades leda till kunskap som är mer kontextualiserad och valid.
Metoderna som användes i studien bestod av "forskningscirklar" och en enkät som distribuerades till 395 scenartister vid olika teatrar i Sverige (skådespelare, sångsolister, dansare, korister och musiker). "Forskningscirklarna" användes för att skapa kontakt mellan forskare och artister och hade en viktig roll när det gällde att utforma enkäten samt utgjorde en tolkningsram för resultaten i studien. I en statistisk analys av enkätdata testades huvud-, medierande- och modererande effekter av kontroll och socialt stöd i relation till hälsa och välbefinnande.
Resultaten visade att kraven i arbetet, kontrollen och det sociala stödet verkar som huvudeffekter gentemot psykiskt välbefinnande och hälsa. "Path" analyser visade att kontroll och socialt stöd inte fungerar som medierande faktorer och med hjälp av hierarkisk multipel regressionsanalys kunde också faktorernas modererande effekter uteslutas. I diskussionen för att förstå scenartisternas arbete fick identitet och meningsskapande stort utrymme. Studien visar på vikten av att undersöka specifika grupper i arbetslivet för att nå kontextualiserad kunskap kring stress samt på ett behov av att använda olika kunskapsteoretiska och metodologiska närmanden. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/18387
- author
- Torkelson, Eva LU
- supervisor
- opponent
-
- Professor Westlander, Gunnela, Arbetsmiljöinstitutet, Stockholm
- organization
- alternative title
- Expert and Participatory Perspectives on Stress in Stage Artists
- publishing date
- 1997
- type
- Thesis
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Industrial psychology, well-being, health, social support, control, work demands, participatory perspective, Stage artists, expert perspective, Arbetspsykologi, industripsykologi
- pages
- 206 pages
- publisher
- Department of Psychology, Lund University
- defense location
- Auditoriet, Kulturen, Lund
- defense date
- 1997-10-31 10:15:00
- external identifiers
-
- other:ISRN: LUSADG/SAPS--97/1077--SE
- ISBN
- 91-628-2681-6
- language
- Swedish
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- e088016a-d6ca-410b-997c-cd88dfbe15ef (old id 18387)
- date added to LUP
- 2016-04-04 10:07:37
- date last changed
- 2021-11-24 17:19:40
@phdthesis{e088016a-d6ca-410b-997c-cd88dfbe15ef,
abstract = {{The phenomenon of stress is often illustrated by means of the demand-control-support model, a model that has inspired many research efforts in the area of psychosocial work environment. According to the model, work that is characterised by high demands, low decision latitude and low social support affects aversively health and well-being. Work control and social support may on the other hand act as buffers and protect against stress effects. However, there is no agreement on how this process works. The purpose of the present study was to contribute to the developing knowledge of the stress phenomenon by combining two perspectives (the expert- and the participatory one) in a study of stage artists, an occupation differing from those investigated previously. One of the perspectives, the expert one, has its roots in the "main stream" tradition in work psychology and social medicine focusing on statistical testing of the demand-control-support model. The other perspective, the participation one, stems from the psychosocial tradition started in Sweden by Bertil Gardell and his colleagues, focusing on the active role of employees in the research process. The combination of the perspectives was expected to provide knowledge, which is more contextualized and valid.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
The methods involved "research circles" and a survey distributed to 395 stage artists (actors, singers, dancers, choristers and musicians). "Research circles" served as a means of communication between researchers and artists shaping the survey's form and providing the interpretative frame for the results. In the statistical analysis of the survey data the main-, mediator and moderator effects of control and social support were tested.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
The results show that work demands, control and social support act through main effect on psychological well-being and health for stage artists. Using a path analysis, no mediator effect of social support and control was found. The hiearchial multiple regression analysis revealed no moderator effects. Creation of meaning involved in the personal identity formation was disclosed in the discussion as being of central importance in the understanding of the artistic work. The study highlights the importance of examining specific groups in working life in order to obtain a contextualized knowledge of stress. The results also show a need to use different epistemological and methodological approaches.}},
author = {{Torkelson, Eva}},
isbn = {{91-628-2681-6}},
keywords = {{Industrial psychology; well-being; health; social support; control; work demands; participatory perspective; Stage artists; expert perspective; Arbetspsykologi; industripsykologi}},
language = {{swe}},
publisher = {{Department of Psychology, Lund University}},
school = {{Lund University}},
title = {{Expert- och deltagarperspektiv på stress hos scenartister}},
year = {{1997}},
}