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Prospective association between organic food consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes : findings from the NutriNet-Santé cohort study

Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle ; Rebouillat, Pauline LU orcid ; Payrastre, Laurence ; Allès, Benjamin ; Fezeu, Léopold K ; Druesne-Pecollo, Nathalie ; Srour, Bernard ; Bao, Wei ; Touvier, Mathilde and Galan, Pilar , et al. (2020) In International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 17.
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Organic food (OF) consumption has substantially increased in high income countries, mostly driven by environmental concerns and health beliefs. Lower exposure to synthetic pesticides has been systematically documented among consumers of organic products compared to non-consumers. While experimental studies suggest that pesticides currently used in food production may be associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), no well-conducted prospective studies have investigated the potential association between consumption of organic products and the risk of T2D, controlling for potential confounding factors. The objective of this prospective study was to estimate the association between OF consumption and the risk of T2D.

METHODS: A... (More)

BACKGROUND: Organic food (OF) consumption has substantially increased in high income countries, mostly driven by environmental concerns and health beliefs. Lower exposure to synthetic pesticides has been systematically documented among consumers of organic products compared to non-consumers. While experimental studies suggest that pesticides currently used in food production may be associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), no well-conducted prospective studies have investigated the potential association between consumption of organic products and the risk of T2D, controlling for potential confounding factors. The objective of this prospective study was to estimate the association between OF consumption and the risk of T2D.

METHODS: A total of 33,256 participants (76% women, mean (SD) age: 53 years (14)) of the French NutriNet-Santé prospective cohort study who completed the organic food frequency questionnaire were included (2014-2019). The proportion of OF in the diet (as weight without drinking water) was computed. The associations between the proportion of OF in the diet (as 5% increment and as quintiles) and the risk of T2D were estimated using multivariable Hazard Ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) derived from proportional hazards models adjusted for confounders (sociodemographic, anthropometric, lifestyle, medical and nutritional factors).

RESULTS: During follow-up (mean = 4.05 y, SD = 1.03 y, 134,990 person-years), 293 incident cases of T2D were identified. After adjustment for confounders including lifestyle (physical activity, smoking status, alcohol consumption) and nutritional quality of the diet assessed by the adherence to the French food-based dietary guidelines, OF consumption was associated with a lower risk of T2D. Participants with the highest quintile of OF consumption, compared with those with the lowest quintile, had 35% lower risk of T2D (95% CI = 0.43-0.97). Each increment of 5% in the proportion of OF in the diet was associated with 3% lower risk of T2D (HR 0.97, 95% CI = 0.95-0.99).

CONCLUSIONS: In this large prospective cohort study, OF consumption was inversely associated with the risk of T2D. Further experimental and prospective studies should be conducted to confirm these observations.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY: The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov ( NCT03335644 ).

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publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Adult, Aged, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology, Diet/statistics & numerical data, Female, Food, Organic/statistics & numerical data, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors
in
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
volume
17
article number
136
publisher
BioMed Central (BMC)
external identifiers
  • pmid:33167995
  • scopus:85095712213
ISSN
1479-5868
DOI
10.1186/s12966-020-01038-y
language
English
LU publication?
no
id
e6ceeea8-2b35-435a-b280-65ff1518949a
date added to LUP
2022-05-06 11:20:17
date last changed
2024-06-19 01:31:14
@article{e6ceeea8-2b35-435a-b280-65ff1518949a,
  abstract     = {{<p>BACKGROUND: Organic food (OF) consumption has substantially increased in high income countries, mostly driven by environmental concerns and health beliefs. Lower exposure to synthetic pesticides has been systematically documented among consumers of organic products compared to non-consumers. While experimental studies suggest that pesticides currently used in food production may be associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), no well-conducted prospective studies have investigated the potential association between consumption of organic products and the risk of T2D, controlling for potential confounding factors. The objective of this prospective study was to estimate the association between OF consumption and the risk of T2D.</p><p>METHODS: A total of 33,256 participants (76% women, mean (SD) age: 53 years (14)) of the French NutriNet-Santé prospective cohort study who completed the organic food frequency questionnaire were included (2014-2019). The proportion of OF in the diet (as weight without drinking water) was computed. The associations between the proportion of OF in the diet (as 5% increment and as quintiles) and the risk of T2D were estimated using multivariable Hazard Ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) derived from proportional hazards models adjusted for confounders (sociodemographic, anthropometric, lifestyle, medical and nutritional factors).</p><p>RESULTS: During follow-up (mean = 4.05 y, SD = 1.03 y, 134,990 person-years), 293 incident cases of T2D were identified. After adjustment for confounders including lifestyle (physical activity, smoking status, alcohol consumption) and nutritional quality of the diet assessed by the adherence to the French food-based dietary guidelines, OF consumption was associated with a lower risk of T2D. Participants with the highest quintile of OF consumption, compared with those with the lowest quintile, had 35% lower risk of T2D (95% CI = 0.43-0.97). Each increment of 5% in the proportion of OF in the diet was associated with 3% lower risk of T2D (HR 0.97, 95% CI = 0.95-0.99).</p><p>CONCLUSIONS: In this large prospective cohort study, OF consumption was inversely associated with the risk of T2D. Further experimental and prospective studies should be conducted to confirm these observations.</p><p>CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY: The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov ( NCT03335644 ).</p>}},
  author       = {{Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle and Rebouillat, Pauline and Payrastre, Laurence and Allès, Benjamin and Fezeu, Léopold K and Druesne-Pecollo, Nathalie and Srour, Bernard and Bao, Wei and Touvier, Mathilde and Galan, Pilar and Hercberg, Serge and Lairon, Denis and Baudry, Julia}},
  issn         = {{1479-5868}},
  keywords     = {{Adult; Aged; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology; Diet/statistics & numerical data; Female; Food, Organic/statistics & numerical data; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{BioMed Central (BMC)}},
  series       = {{International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity}},
  title        = {{Prospective association between organic food consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes : findings from the NutriNet-Santé cohort study}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-020-01038-y}},
  doi          = {{10.1186/s12966-020-01038-y}},
  volume       = {{17}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}