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On the Combustion Characteristics of Closely-Coupled LD Diesel Injection Strategies

Denny, Michael LU (2019)
Abstract
Multiple-pilot injection strategies with both moderate and short time separations (dwells) are investigated in a light-duty diesel engine. Both conventional and optical engine experiments are performed. By implementing triple-pilot injection strategies with short dwells between the individual injections, combustion noise can be significantly reduced. The sound pressure level was reduced by nearly 4 dB compared to a conventional double-pilot injection strategy. This is significant since every 3 dB is a doubling of sound power. Reducing the combustion noise allowed for combustion to be phased to its peak efficiency point, improving gross efficiency by nearly 4%.

A new metric, the ratio of reduced heat release (RRHR) was developed in... (More)
Multiple-pilot injection strategies with both moderate and short time separations (dwells) are investigated in a light-duty diesel engine. Both conventional and optical engine experiments are performed. By implementing triple-pilot injection strategies with short dwells between the individual injections, combustion noise can be significantly reduced. The sound pressure level was reduced by nearly 4 dB compared to a conventional double-pilot injection strategy. This is significant since every 3 dB is a doubling of sound power. Reducing the combustion noise allowed for combustion to be phased to its peak efficiency point, improving gross efficiency by nearly 4%.

A new metric, the ratio of reduced heat release (RRHR) was developed in order to analyze the heat release rate (HRR). This metric quantifies the magnitude of the undulations in the HRR and explains their influence on the combustion noise. It can explain the relative strength of frequency content in the combustion noise, indicate how the HRR should be modified to reduce combustion noise, and predict the total noise level at a specific load-speed point for different injection strategies.

The combustion processes of conventional and closely-coupled strategies were studied in an optical engine. It was discovered that contact ignition stabilizes the combustion of subsequent fuel injected into prevailing combustion regions. Where a physical interface between the fuel and combustion region does not occur, that region has a significantly delayed ignition. Closely-coupling injections can lead to lower stability since the injections arrive sooner, at less developed stages of combustion. In this interface, hot combustion products are extinguished and replaced with cool ones which can add to the undulation in the HRR. In order to minimize its effects on combustion noise, this extinguishing phenomenon should be limited.

A balance of mixture dilution, injection pressure, short injection separations, and injection rate shaping are utilized to create a quadruple-pilot injection strategy creating a near linear HRR progression and very low noise level. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
supervisor
opponent
  • Doctor Busch, Stephen, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, USA
organization
publishing date
type
Thesis
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Diesel combustion, Closely-Coupled Pilot, Closely-Spaced Pilot, Combustion Noise, Heat release rate shaping, Multiple-injection strategy, Formaldehyde PLIF
publisher
Department of Energy Sciences, Lund University
defense location
Lecture Hall M:B, M-Building, Ole Römers väg 1, Lund University, Faculty of Engineering LTH
defense date
2019-04-26 10:15:00
ISSN
0282-1990
ISBN
978-91-7895-065-2
978-91-7895-064-5
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
f6fb5239-56e8-4824-8d29-94beb7f1919d
date added to LUP
2019-04-01 14:13:18
date last changed
2021-04-15 14:50:48
@phdthesis{f6fb5239-56e8-4824-8d29-94beb7f1919d,
  abstract     = {{Multiple-pilot injection strategies with both moderate and short time separations (dwells) are investigated in a light-duty diesel engine. Both conventional and optical engine experiments are performed. By implementing triple-pilot injection strategies with short dwells between the individual injections, combustion noise can be significantly reduced. The sound pressure level was reduced by nearly 4 dB compared to a conventional double-pilot injection strategy. This is significant since every 3 dB is a doubling of sound power. Reducing the combustion noise allowed for combustion to be phased to its peak efficiency point, improving gross efficiency by nearly 4%.<br/><br/>A new metric, the ratio of reduced heat release (RRHR) was developed in order to analyze the heat release rate (HRR). This metric quantifies the magnitude of the undulations in the HRR and explains their influence on the combustion noise. It can explain the relative strength of frequency content in the combustion noise, indicate how the HRR should be modified to reduce combustion noise, and predict the total noise level at a specific load-speed point for different injection strategies.<br/><br/>The combustion processes of conventional and closely-coupled strategies were studied in an optical engine. It was discovered that contact ignition stabilizes the combustion of subsequent fuel injected into prevailing combustion regions. Where a physical interface between the fuel and combustion region does not occur, that region has a significantly delayed ignition. Closely-coupling injections can lead to lower stability since the injections arrive sooner, at less developed stages of combustion. In this interface, hot combustion products are extinguished and replaced with cool ones which can add to the undulation in the HRR. In order to minimize its effects on combustion noise, this extinguishing phenomenon should be limited.<br/><br/>A balance of mixture dilution, injection pressure, short injection separations, and injection rate shaping are utilized to create a quadruple-pilot injection strategy creating a near linear HRR progression and very low noise level.}},
  author       = {{Denny, Michael}},
  isbn         = {{978-91-7895-065-2}},
  issn         = {{0282-1990}},
  keywords     = {{Diesel combustion; Closely-Coupled Pilot; Closely-Spaced Pilot; Combustion Noise; Heat release rate shaping; Multiple-injection strategy; Formaldehyde PLIF}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{03}},
  publisher    = {{Department of Energy Sciences, Lund University}},
  school       = {{Lund University}},
  title        = {{On the Combustion Characteristics of Closely-Coupled LD Diesel Injection Strategies}},
  url          = {{https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/files/62516531/Michael_Denny_PhD_Thesis_Abridged_Papers.pdf}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}