High-throughput method for the analysis of ethylenethiourea with direct injection of hydrolysed urine using online on-column extraction liquid chromatography and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry.
Ekman, Eva LU ; Maxe, Margaretha ; Littorin, Margareta LU ; Jönsson, Bo A LU and Lindh, Christian LU
(2013)
In Journal of Chromatography. B
934(Jul,5).
p.53-59
- Abstract
- Ethylenethiourea (ETU) is of major toxicological concern, since in experimental animal studies, ETU has shown a large spectrum of adverse effects. High occupational exposure can be found among agricultural workers or during manufacturing of ethylenbisdithiocarbamates (EBDC). For the general public, sources of environmental exposure may be residues of ETU in commercial products, food and beverages. For the determination of ETU in human urine we present a high-throughput online on-column extraction liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry method using direct injection of hydrolysed urine samples. This method is simple, user- and environmentally friendly and all sample preparation is performed in 96-well plates. A labelled... (More)
- Ethylenethiourea (ETU) is of major toxicological concern, since in experimental animal studies, ETU has shown a large spectrum of adverse effects. High occupational exposure can be found among agricultural workers or during manufacturing of ethylenbisdithiocarbamates (EBDC). For the general public, sources of environmental exposure may be residues of ETU in commercial products, food and beverages. For the determination of ETU in human urine we present a high-throughput online on-column extraction liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry method using direct injection of hydrolysed urine samples. This method is simple, user- and environmentally friendly and all sample preparation is performed in 96-well plates. A labelled ETU internal standard was used for quantification. The method showed a good sensitivity with a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.5ng ETU/mL urine and the calibration curve was linear in the range 0.25-200ng ETU/mL urine. The within-run, between-run and between-batch precision was between 6% and 13%. Alkaline hydrolysis considerably increased the levels of ETU indicating a potential conjugate. The method was applied in an experimental dermal exposure study in humans, with sample concentrations ranging from 0.4 to 5.0ng ETU/mL urine. The excretion in urine was 10% of the applied dose. The elimination profile seemed to differ between the two individuals. The results show an estimated half-life of ETU between 34 and 72h. Although the experiment is limited to two individuals, the data provide valuable and new information regarding the toxicokinetics of ETU after dermal exposure. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/3955482
- author
- Ekman, Eva
LU
; Maxe, Margaretha
; Littorin, Margareta
LU
; Jönsson, Bo A
LU
and Lindh, Christian
LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2013
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- in
- Journal of Chromatography. B
- volume
- 934
- issue
- Jul,5
- pages
- 53 - 59
- publisher
- Elsevier
- external identifiers
-
- wos:000323591100009
- pmid:23896430
- scopus:84881091119
- pmid:23896430
- ISSN
- 1873-376X
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.06.035
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- f7b13af1-6e49-4a03-bcfe-fec23c938012 (old id 3955482)
- alternative location
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23896430?dopt=Abstract
- date added to LUP
- 2016-04-01 11:00:08
- date last changed
- 2022-04-12 19:42:18
@article{f7b13af1-6e49-4a03-bcfe-fec23c938012,
abstract = {{Ethylenethiourea (ETU) is of major toxicological concern, since in experimental animal studies, ETU has shown a large spectrum of adverse effects. High occupational exposure can be found among agricultural workers or during manufacturing of ethylenbisdithiocarbamates (EBDC). For the general public, sources of environmental exposure may be residues of ETU in commercial products, food and beverages. For the determination of ETU in human urine we present a high-throughput online on-column extraction liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry method using direct injection of hydrolysed urine samples. This method is simple, user- and environmentally friendly and all sample preparation is performed in 96-well plates. A labelled ETU internal standard was used for quantification. The method showed a good sensitivity with a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.5ng ETU/mL urine and the calibration curve was linear in the range 0.25-200ng ETU/mL urine. The within-run, between-run and between-batch precision was between 6% and 13%. Alkaline hydrolysis considerably increased the levels of ETU indicating a potential conjugate. The method was applied in an experimental dermal exposure study in humans, with sample concentrations ranging from 0.4 to 5.0ng ETU/mL urine. The excretion in urine was 10% of the applied dose. The elimination profile seemed to differ between the two individuals. The results show an estimated half-life of ETU between 34 and 72h. Although the experiment is limited to two individuals, the data provide valuable and new information regarding the toxicokinetics of ETU after dermal exposure.}},
author = {{Ekman, Eva and Maxe, Margaretha and Littorin, Margareta and Jönsson, Bo A and Lindh, Christian}},
issn = {{1873-376X}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{Jul,5}},
pages = {{53--59}},
publisher = {{Elsevier}},
series = {{Journal of Chromatography. B}},
title = {{High-throughput method for the analysis of ethylenethiourea with direct injection of hydrolysed urine using online on-column extraction liquid chromatography and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry.}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.06.035}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.06.035}},
volume = {{934}},
year = {{2013}},
}