Should snacks be recommended in obesity treatment? a 1-year randomized clinical trial
(2007) In European Journal of Clinical Nutrition- Abstract
- Objective:To study the effect to recommend no snacks vs three snacks per day on 1-year weight loss. The hypothesis was that it is easier to control energy intake and lose weight if snacks in between meals are omitted.Subjects/Method:In total 140 patients (36 men, 104 women), aged 18-60 years and body mass index>30 kg/m(2) were randomized and 93 patients (27 men, 66 women) completed the study. A 1-year randomized intervention trial was conducted with two treatment arms with different eating frequencies; 3 meals/day (3M) or 3 meals and 3 snacks/day (3+3M). The patients received regular and individualized counseling by dieticians. Information on eating patterns, dietary intake, weight and metabolic variables was collected at baseline and... (More)
- Objective:To study the effect to recommend no snacks vs three snacks per day on 1-year weight loss. The hypothesis was that it is easier to control energy intake and lose weight if snacks in between meals are omitted.Subjects/Method:In total 140 patients (36 men, 104 women), aged 18-60 years and body mass index>30 kg/m(2) were randomized and 93 patients (27 men, 66 women) completed the study. A 1-year randomized intervention trial was conducted with two treatment arms with different eating frequencies; 3 meals/day (3M) or 3 meals and 3 snacks/day (3+3M). The patients received regular and individualized counseling by dieticians. Information on eating patterns, dietary intake, weight and metabolic variables was collected at baseline and after 1 year.Results:Over 1 year the 3M group reported a decrease in the number of snacks whereas the 3+3M group reported an increase (-1.1 vs +0.4 snacks/day, respectively, P<0.0001). Both groups decreased energy intake and E% (energy percent) fat and increased E% protein and fiber intake but there was no differences between the groups. Both groups lost weight, but there was no significant difference in weight loss after 1 year of treatment (3M vs 3+3M=-4.1+/-6.1 vs -5.9+/-9.4 kg; P=0.31). Changes in metabolic variables did not differ between the groups, except for high-density lipoprotein that increased in the 3M group but not in 3+3M group (P<0.033 for group difference).Conclusion:Recommending snacks or not between meals does not influence 1-year weight loss.European Journal of Clinical Nutrition advance online publication, 15 August 2007; doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602860. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/1142324
- author
- Berteus Forslund, H ; Klingstrom, S ; Hagberg, H ; Löndahl, Magnus LU ; Torgerson, JS and Lindroos, AK
- organization
- publishing date
- 2007
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- in
- European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- publisher
- Nature Publishing Group
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:17700649
- scopus:56349139507
- ISSN
- 1476-5640
- DOI
- 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602860
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- c0a01881-4ca7-4f68-9ee0-6698cf055c55 (old id 1142324)
- date added to LUP
- 2016-04-01 15:26:37
- date last changed
- 2022-01-28 05:21:40
@article{c0a01881-4ca7-4f68-9ee0-6698cf055c55,
abstract = {{Objective:To study the effect to recommend no snacks vs three snacks per day on 1-year weight loss. The hypothesis was that it is easier to control energy intake and lose weight if snacks in between meals are omitted.Subjects/Method:In total 140 patients (36 men, 104 women), aged 18-60 years and body mass index>30 kg/m(2) were randomized and 93 patients (27 men, 66 women) completed the study. A 1-year randomized intervention trial was conducted with two treatment arms with different eating frequencies; 3 meals/day (3M) or 3 meals and 3 snacks/day (3+3M). The patients received regular and individualized counseling by dieticians. Information on eating patterns, dietary intake, weight and metabolic variables was collected at baseline and after 1 year.Results:Over 1 year the 3M group reported a decrease in the number of snacks whereas the 3+3M group reported an increase (-1.1 vs +0.4 snacks/day, respectively, P<0.0001). Both groups decreased energy intake and E% (energy percent) fat and increased E% protein and fiber intake but there was no differences between the groups. Both groups lost weight, but there was no significant difference in weight loss after 1 year of treatment (3M vs 3+3M=-4.1+/-6.1 vs -5.9+/-9.4 kg; P=0.31). Changes in metabolic variables did not differ between the groups, except for high-density lipoprotein that increased in the 3M group but not in 3+3M group (P<0.033 for group difference).Conclusion:Recommending snacks or not between meals does not influence 1-year weight loss.European Journal of Clinical Nutrition advance online publication, 15 August 2007; doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602860.}},
author = {{Berteus Forslund, H and Klingstrom, S and Hagberg, H and Löndahl, Magnus and Torgerson, JS and Lindroos, AK}},
issn = {{1476-5640}},
language = {{eng}},
publisher = {{Nature Publishing Group}},
series = {{European Journal of Clinical Nutrition}},
title = {{Should snacks be recommended in obesity treatment? a 1-year randomized clinical trial}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602860}},
doi = {{10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602860}},
year = {{2007}},
}