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Dairy products and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Duarte-Salles, Talita ; Fedirko, Veronika ; Stepien, Magdalena ; Trichopoulou, Antonia ; Bamia, Christina ; Lagiou, Pagona ; Lukanova, Annekatrin ; Trepo, Elisabeth ; Overvad, Kim and Tjonneland, Anne , et al. (2014) In International Journal of Cancer 135(7). p.1662-1672
Abstract
Intake of dairy products has been associated with risk of some cancers, but findings are often inconsistent and information on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk is limited, particularly from prospective settings. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between consumption of total and specific dairy products (milk/cheese/ yogurt) and their components (calcium/vitamin D/fats/protein), with first incident HCC (N-cases=191) in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort, including a nested case-control subset (N-cases=122) with the assessment of hepatitis B virus/hepatitis C virus infections status, liver damage and circulating insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I levels. For cohort analyses,... (More)
Intake of dairy products has been associated with risk of some cancers, but findings are often inconsistent and information on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk is limited, particularly from prospective settings. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between consumption of total and specific dairy products (milk/cheese/ yogurt) and their components (calcium/vitamin D/fats/protein), with first incident HCC (N-cases=191) in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort, including a nested case-control subset (N-cases=122) with the assessment of hepatitis B virus/hepatitis C virus infections status, liver damage and circulating insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I levels. For cohort analyses, multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). For nested case-control analyses, conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios and 95% CI. A total of 477,206 participants were followed-up for an average of 11 years (person-years follow-up=5,415,385). In the cohort study, a significant positive HCC risk association was observed for total dairy products (highest vs. lowest tertile, HR=1.66, 95% CI: 1.13-2.43; p(trend)=0.012), milk (HR=1.51, 95% CI: 1.02-2.24; p(trend=)0.049), and cheese (HR=1.56, 95% CI: 1.02-2.38; p(trend)=0.101), but not yogurt (HR=0.94, 95% CI: 0.65-1.35). Dietary calcium, vitamin D, fat and protein from dairy sources were associated with increased HCC risk, whereas the same nutrients from nondairy sources showed inverse or null associations. In the nested case-control study, similar results were observed among hepatitis-free individuals. Results from this large prospective cohort study suggest that higher consumption of dairy products, particularly milk and cheese, may be associated with increased HCC risk. Validation of these findings in other populations is necessary. Potential biologic mechanisms require further exploration. What's new? Currently, the role of dairy product intake in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unclear. Using detailed data from a large multi-centric prospective cohort, this study investigated the association between consumption of total and specific dairy products with first incident HCC. The study found that higher dairy product consumption, particularly milk and cheese, was associated with increased HCC risk. Dietary calcium, vitamin D, fat and protein did not explain the observed associations. However, higher circulating IGF-I levels may play a role. (Less)
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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
hepatocellular carcinoma, dairy products, calcium, prospective cohort
in
International Journal of Cancer
volume
135
issue
7
pages
1662 - 1672
publisher
John Wiley & Sons Inc.
external identifiers
  • wos:000340520800019
  • scopus:84904514263
  • pmid:24615266
ISSN
0020-7136
DOI
10.1002/ijc.28812
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
54acdc1a-d925-48a1-825d-1acc915342e7 (old id 4656140)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 10:59:41
date last changed
2022-02-14 16:16:43
@article{54acdc1a-d925-48a1-825d-1acc915342e7,
  abstract     = {{Intake of dairy products has been associated with risk of some cancers, but findings are often inconsistent and information on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk is limited, particularly from prospective settings. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between consumption of total and specific dairy products (milk/cheese/ yogurt) and their components (calcium/vitamin D/fats/protein), with first incident HCC (N-cases=191) in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort, including a nested case-control subset (N-cases=122) with the assessment of hepatitis B virus/hepatitis C virus infections status, liver damage and circulating insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I levels. For cohort analyses, multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). For nested case-control analyses, conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios and 95% CI. A total of 477,206 participants were followed-up for an average of 11 years (person-years follow-up=5,415,385). In the cohort study, a significant positive HCC risk association was observed for total dairy products (highest vs. lowest tertile, HR=1.66, 95% CI: 1.13-2.43; p(trend)=0.012), milk (HR=1.51, 95% CI: 1.02-2.24; p(trend=)0.049), and cheese (HR=1.56, 95% CI: 1.02-2.38; p(trend)=0.101), but not yogurt (HR=0.94, 95% CI: 0.65-1.35). Dietary calcium, vitamin D, fat and protein from dairy sources were associated with increased HCC risk, whereas the same nutrients from nondairy sources showed inverse or null associations. In the nested case-control study, similar results were observed among hepatitis-free individuals. Results from this large prospective cohort study suggest that higher consumption of dairy products, particularly milk and cheese, may be associated with increased HCC risk. Validation of these findings in other populations is necessary. Potential biologic mechanisms require further exploration. What's new? Currently, the role of dairy product intake in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unclear. Using detailed data from a large multi-centric prospective cohort, this study investigated the association between consumption of total and specific dairy products with first incident HCC. The study found that higher dairy product consumption, particularly milk and cheese, was associated with increased HCC risk. Dietary calcium, vitamin D, fat and protein did not explain the observed associations. However, higher circulating IGF-I levels may play a role.}},
  author       = {{Duarte-Salles, Talita and Fedirko, Veronika and Stepien, Magdalena and Trichopoulou, Antonia and Bamia, Christina and Lagiou, Pagona and Lukanova, Annekatrin and Trepo, Elisabeth and Overvad, Kim and Tjonneland, Anne and Halkjaer, Jytte and Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine and Racine, Antoine and Cadeau, Claire and Kuehn, Tilman and Aleksandrova, Krasimira and Trichopoulos, Dimitrios and Tsiotas, Konstantinos and Boffetta, Paolo and Palli, Domenico and Pala, Valeria and Tumino, Rosario and Sacerdote, Carlotta and Panico, Salvatore and Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B(as) and Dik, Vincent K. and Peeters, Petra H. and Weiderpass, Elisabete and Gram, Inger Torhild and Hjartaker, Anette and Ramon Quiros, Jose and Fonseca-Nunes, Ana and Molina-Montes, Esther and Dorronsoro, Miren and Navarro Sanchez, Carmen and Barricarte, Aurelio and Lindkvist, Bjorn and Sonestedt, Emily and Johansson, Ingegerd and Wennberg, Maria and Khaw, Kay-Tee and Wareham, Nick and Travis, Ruth C. and Romieu, Isabelle and Riboli, Elio and Jenab, Mazda}},
  issn         = {{0020-7136}},
  keywords     = {{hepatocellular carcinoma; dairy products; calcium; prospective cohort}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{7}},
  pages        = {{1662--1672}},
  publisher    = {{John Wiley & Sons Inc.}},
  series       = {{International Journal of Cancer}},
  title        = {{Dairy products and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.28812}},
  doi          = {{10.1002/ijc.28812}},
  volume       = {{135}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}