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Toluene diisocyanate: Induction of the autotaxin-lysophosphatidic acid axis and its association with airways symptoms.

Broström, Julia LU ; Ye, Zhi-Wei ; Axmon, Anna LU orcid ; Littorin, Margareta LU ; Tinnerberg, Håkan LU ; Lindh, Christian LU orcid ; Zheng, Huiyuan ; Ghalali, Aram ; Stenius, Ulla and Jönsson, Bo A LU , et al. (2015) In Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 287(3). p.222-231
Abstract
Diisocyanates are industrial chemicals which have a wide range of applications in developed and developing countries. They are notorious lung toxicants and respiratory sensitizers. However, the mechanisms behind their adverse effects are not adequately characterized. Autotaxin (ATX) is an enzyme producing lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), and the ATX-LPA axis has been implicated in lung related inflammatory conditions and diseases, including allergic asthma, but not to toxicity of environmental low-molecular-weight chemicals. We investigated effects of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) on ATX induction in human lung epithelial cell models, and we correlated LPA-levels in plasma to biomarkers of TDI exposure in urine collected from workers exposed to... (More)
Diisocyanates are industrial chemicals which have a wide range of applications in developed and developing countries. They are notorious lung toxicants and respiratory sensitizers. However, the mechanisms behind their adverse effects are not adequately characterized. Autotaxin (ATX) is an enzyme producing lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), and the ATX-LPA axis has been implicated in lung related inflammatory conditions and diseases, including allergic asthma, but not to toxicity of environmental low-molecular-weight chemicals. We investigated effects of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) on ATX induction in human lung epithelial cell models, and we correlated LPA-levels in plasma to biomarkers of TDI exposure in urine collected from workers exposed to <5ppb (parts per billion). Information on workers' symptoms was collected through interviews. One nanomolar TDI robustly induced ATX release within 10min in vitro. A P2X7- and P2X4-dependent microvesicle formation was implicated in a rapid ATX release and a subsequent protein synthesis. Co-localization between purinergic receptors and ATX was documented by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. The release was modulated by monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and by extracellular ATP. In workers, we found a dose-response relationship between TDI exposure biomarkers in urine and LPA levels in plasma. Among symptomatic workers reporting "sneezing", the LPA levels were higher than among non-symptomatic workers. This is the first report indicating induction of the ATX-LPA axis by an environmental low-molecular-weight chemical, and our data suggest a role for the ATX-LPA axis in TDI toxicity. (Less)
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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
volume
287
issue
3
pages
222 - 231
publisher
Academic Press
external identifiers
  • pmid:26072274
  • wos:000360422800004
  • scopus:84939574539
  • pmid:26072274
ISSN
1096-0333
DOI
10.1016/j.taap.2015.06.006
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
86c63fef-0810-4669-9aea-54c85f2b776c (old id 7486407)
alternative location
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26072274?dopt=Abstract
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 10:56:27
date last changed
2022-04-12 19:03:29
@article{86c63fef-0810-4669-9aea-54c85f2b776c,
  abstract     = {{Diisocyanates are industrial chemicals which have a wide range of applications in developed and developing countries. They are notorious lung toxicants and respiratory sensitizers. However, the mechanisms behind their adverse effects are not adequately characterized. Autotaxin (ATX) is an enzyme producing lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), and the ATX-LPA axis has been implicated in lung related inflammatory conditions and diseases, including allergic asthma, but not to toxicity of environmental low-molecular-weight chemicals. We investigated effects of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) on ATX induction in human lung epithelial cell models, and we correlated LPA-levels in plasma to biomarkers of TDI exposure in urine collected from workers exposed to &lt;5ppb (parts per billion). Information on workers' symptoms was collected through interviews. One nanomolar TDI robustly induced ATX release within 10min in vitro. A P2X7- and P2X4-dependent microvesicle formation was implicated in a rapid ATX release and a subsequent protein synthesis. Co-localization between purinergic receptors and ATX was documented by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. The release was modulated by monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and by extracellular ATP. In workers, we found a dose-response relationship between TDI exposure biomarkers in urine and LPA levels in plasma. Among symptomatic workers reporting "sneezing", the LPA levels were higher than among non-symptomatic workers. This is the first report indicating induction of the ATX-LPA axis by an environmental low-molecular-weight chemical, and our data suggest a role for the ATX-LPA axis in TDI toxicity.}},
  author       = {{Broström, Julia and Ye, Zhi-Wei and Axmon, Anna and Littorin, Margareta and Tinnerberg, Håkan and Lindh, Christian and Zheng, Huiyuan and Ghalali, Aram and Stenius, Ulla and Jönsson, Bo A and Högberg, Johan}},
  issn         = {{1096-0333}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{222--231}},
  publisher    = {{Academic Press}},
  series       = {{Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology}},
  title        = {{Toluene diisocyanate: Induction of the autotaxin-lysophosphatidic acid axis and its association with airways symptoms.}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2015.06.006}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.taap.2015.06.006}},
  volume       = {{287}},
  year         = {{2015}},
}