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Stability and variability in the realism of confidence judgments over time, content domain, and gender

Jonsson, Anna-Carin LU and Allwood, Carl Martin LU (2003) In Personality and Individual Differences 34(4). p.559-574
Abstract
This study investigates the influence on the realism of confidence judgments of four different factors, the individual, the knowledge domain (crystallized and fluid intelligence), gender and cognitive style (Need-for-Cognition, NfC). Seventy-nine high-school students answered questions on word knowledge (WORD) and logical/spatial ability (DTK), both tests were administered on three occasions with two weeks between each trial. After each test question, each individual gave a confidence rating of his or her answer. The results showed some, but not perfect, individual stability. Furthermore, within-subject differences were found between domains (WORD/DTK); the participants showed better calibration and less overconfidence for the WORD-test as... (More)
This study investigates the influence on the realism of confidence judgments of four different factors, the individual, the knowledge domain (crystallized and fluid intelligence), gender and cognitive style (Need-for-Cognition, NfC). Seventy-nine high-school students answered questions on word knowledge (WORD) and logical/spatial ability (DTK), both tests were administered on three occasions with two weeks between each trial. After each test question, each individual gave a confidence rating of his or her answer. The results showed some, but not perfect, individual stability. Furthermore, within-subject differences were found between domains (WORD/DTK); the participants showed better calibration and less overconfidence for the WORD-test as compared to the DTK-test. No stable gender differences were found for any of the two tests. Finally, the results show that having high NfC is not associated with better realism in confidence judgments. These results suggest that the realism of confidence judgments is, at least on the distal level, influenced by many different factors. (Less)
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author
and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Cognitive style, Need-for-Cognition, Confidence, Metacognition, Calibration, Individual stability, Gender, Knowledge domain
in
Personality and Individual Differences
volume
34
issue
4
pages
559 - 574
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • wos:000181001100002
  • scopus:0037353989
ISSN
1873-3549
DOI
10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00028-4
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
3f7182a4-3710-4499-b9ed-6f5b2e86fdd2 (old id 806278)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 12:03:12
date last changed
2022-01-26 22:07:22
@article{3f7182a4-3710-4499-b9ed-6f5b2e86fdd2,
  abstract     = {{This study investigates the influence on the realism of confidence judgments of four different factors, the individual, the knowledge domain (crystallized and fluid intelligence), gender and cognitive style (Need-for-Cognition, NfC). Seventy-nine high-school students answered questions on word knowledge (WORD) and logical/spatial ability (DTK), both tests were administered on three occasions with two weeks between each trial. After each test question, each individual gave a confidence rating of his or her answer. The results showed some, but not perfect, individual stability. Furthermore, within-subject differences were found between domains (WORD/DTK); the participants showed better calibration and less overconfidence for the WORD-test as compared to the DTK-test. No stable gender differences were found for any of the two tests. Finally, the results show that having high NfC is not associated with better realism in confidence judgments. These results suggest that the realism of confidence judgments is, at least on the distal level, influenced by many different factors.}},
  author       = {{Jonsson, Anna-Carin and Allwood, Carl Martin}},
  issn         = {{1873-3549}},
  keywords     = {{Cognitive style; Need-for-Cognition; Confidence; Metacognition; Calibration; Individual stability; Gender; Knowledge domain}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{4}},
  pages        = {{559--574}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Personality and Individual Differences}},
  title        = {{Stability and variability in the realism of confidence judgments over time, content domain, and gender}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00028-4}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00028-4}},
  volume       = {{34}},
  year         = {{2003}},
}