Method Matters : Exploring Alkoxysulfonate-Functionalized Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and Its Unintentional Self-Aggregating Copolymer toward Injectable Bioelectronics
(2022) In Chemistry of Materials 34(6). p.2752-2763- Abstract
Injectable bioelectronics could become an alternative or a complement to traditional drug treatments. To this end, a new self-doped p-type conducting PEDOT-S copolymer (A5) was synthesized. This copolymer formed highly water-dispersed nanoparticles and aggregated into a mixed ion-electron conducting hydrogel when injected into a tissue model. First, we synthetically repeated most of the published methods for PEDOT-S at the lab scale. Surprisingly, analysis using high-resolution matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectroscopy showed that almost all the methods generated PEDOT-S derivatives with the same polymer lengths (i.e., oligomers, seven to eight monomers in average); thus, the polymer length cannot account for the... (More)
Injectable bioelectronics could become an alternative or a complement to traditional drug treatments. To this end, a new self-doped p-type conducting PEDOT-S copolymer (A5) was synthesized. This copolymer formed highly water-dispersed nanoparticles and aggregated into a mixed ion-electron conducting hydrogel when injected into a tissue model. First, we synthetically repeated most of the published methods for PEDOT-S at the lab scale. Surprisingly, analysis using high-resolution matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectroscopy showed that almost all the methods generated PEDOT-S derivatives with the same polymer lengths (i.e., oligomers, seven to eight monomers in average); thus, the polymer length cannot account for the differences in the conductivities reported earlier. The main difference, however, was that some methods generated an unintentional copolymer P(EDOT-S/EDOT-OH) that is more prone to aggregate and display higher conductivities in general than the PEDOT-S homopolymer. Based on this, we synthesized the PEDOT-S derivative A5, that displayed the highest film conductivity (33 S cm-1) among all PEDOT-S derivatives synthesized. Injecting A5 nanoparticles into the agarose gel cast with a physiological buffer generated a stable and highly conductive hydrogel (1-5 S cm-1), where no conductive structures were seen in agarose with the other PEDOT-S derivatives. Furthermore, the ion-treated A5 hydrogel remained stable and maintained initial conductivities for 7 months (the longest period tested) in pure water, and A5 mixed with Fe3O4 nanoparticles generated a magnetoconductive relay device in water. Thus, we have successfully synthesized a water-processable, syringe-injectable, and self-doped PEDOT-S polymer capable of forming a conductive hydrogel in tissue mimics, thereby paving a way for future applications within in vivo electronics.
(Less)
- author
- organization
-
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics (research group)
- Clinical Chemistry, Malmö (research group)
- Clinical Protein Science and Imaging (research group)
- MultiPark: Multidisciplinary research focused on Parkinson´s disease
- National Resource Centre for Physics Education
- Nuclear physics
- NanoLund: Centre for Nanoscience
- publishing date
- 2022
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- in
- Chemistry of Materials
- volume
- 34
- issue
- 6
- pages
- 2752 - 2763
- publisher
- The American Chemical Society (ACS)
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:85126111159
- pmid:35360437
- ISSN
- 0897-4756
- DOI
- 10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c04342
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- additional info
- Funding Information: This study was accomplished within MultiPark, NanoLund and Materials Science on Advanced Functional Materials─Strategic Research Areas at Lund University and Linköping University, respectively. This work was supported by Swedish Research Council (2018-05258 and 2018-06197), Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (e-NeuroPharmacology, RMX18-0083), and the European Research Council (ERC) project (e-NeuroPharma 834677). The cation exchange resin was provided by Lanxess AG. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.
- id
- dc39e2e7-8208-4316-8f95-81c53505544e
- date added to LUP
- 2022-03-20 20:51:38
- date last changed
- 2024-07-02 03:08:56
@article{dc39e2e7-8208-4316-8f95-81c53505544e, abstract = {{<p>Injectable bioelectronics could become an alternative or a complement to traditional drug treatments. To this end, a new self-doped p-type conducting PEDOT-S copolymer (A5) was synthesized. This copolymer formed highly water-dispersed nanoparticles and aggregated into a mixed ion-electron conducting hydrogel when injected into a tissue model. First, we synthetically repeated most of the published methods for PEDOT-S at the lab scale. Surprisingly, analysis using high-resolution matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectroscopy showed that almost all the methods generated PEDOT-S derivatives with the same polymer lengths (i.e., oligomers, seven to eight monomers in average); thus, the polymer length cannot account for the differences in the conductivities reported earlier. The main difference, however, was that some methods generated an unintentional copolymer P(EDOT-S/EDOT-OH) that is more prone to aggregate and display higher conductivities in general than the PEDOT-S homopolymer. Based on this, we synthesized the PEDOT-S derivative A5, that displayed the highest film conductivity (33 S cm-1) among all PEDOT-S derivatives synthesized. Injecting A5 nanoparticles into the agarose gel cast with a physiological buffer generated a stable and highly conductive hydrogel (1-5 S cm-1), where no conductive structures were seen in agarose with the other PEDOT-S derivatives. Furthermore, the ion-treated A5 hydrogel remained stable and maintained initial conductivities for 7 months (the longest period tested) in pure water, and A5 mixed with Fe3O4 nanoparticles generated a magnetoconductive relay device in water. Thus, we have successfully synthesized a water-processable, syringe-injectable, and self-doped PEDOT-S polymer capable of forming a conductive hydrogel in tissue mimics, thereby paving a way for future applications within in vivo electronics. </p>}}, author = {{Mousa, Abdelrazek H. and Bliman, David and Hiram Betancourt, Lazaro and Hellman, Karin and Ekström, Peter and Savvakis, Marios and Strakosas, Xenofon and Marko-Varga, György and Berggren, Magnus and Hjort, Martin and Ek, Fredrik and Olsson, Roger}}, issn = {{0897-4756}}, language = {{eng}}, number = {{6}}, pages = {{2752--2763}}, publisher = {{The American Chemical Society (ACS)}}, series = {{Chemistry of Materials}}, title = {{Method Matters : Exploring Alkoxysulfonate-Functionalized Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and Its Unintentional Self-Aggregating Copolymer toward Injectable Bioelectronics}}, url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c04342}}, doi = {{10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c04342}}, volume = {{34}}, year = {{2022}}, }