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The influence of fish consumption on serum n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrations in women of childbearing age : a randomised controlled trial (the iFish Study)

Conway, Marie C ; McSorley, Emeir M ; Mulhern, Maria S ; Spence, Toni ; Wijngaarden, Edwin van ; Watson, Gene E ; Wahlberg, Karin LU ; Pineda, Daniela LU orcid ; Broberg, Karin LU orcid and Hyland, Barry W , et al. (2021) In European Journal of Nutrition 60(3). p.1415-1427
Abstract

PURPOSE: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) can be synthesised endogenously from linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) in a pathway involving the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes. Endogenous synthesis is inefficient; therefore, dietary intake of preformed LCPUFA from their richest source of fish is preferred. This study investigated the effect of fish consumption on PUFA concentrations in women of childbearing age while stratifying by FADS genotype. The influence of fish consumption on lipid profile, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress was also examined.

METHODS: Healthy women (n = 49) provided a buccal swab which was analysed for FADS2 genotype (rs3834458; T/deletion). Participants were... (More)

PURPOSE: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) can be synthesised endogenously from linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) in a pathway involving the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes. Endogenous synthesis is inefficient; therefore, dietary intake of preformed LCPUFA from their richest source of fish is preferred. This study investigated the effect of fish consumption on PUFA concentrations in women of childbearing age while stratifying by FADS genotype. The influence of fish consumption on lipid profile, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress was also examined.

METHODS: Healthy women (n = 49) provided a buccal swab which was analysed for FADS2 genotype (rs3834458; T/deletion). Participants were stratified according to genotype and randomised to an intervention group to receive either no fish (n = 18), 1 portion (n = 14) or 2 portions (n = 17) (140 g per portion) of fish per week for a period of 8 weeks. Serum PUFA was analysed at baseline and post-intervention. Lipid profile, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress were also analysed.

RESULTS: Participants consuming 2 portions of fish per week had significantly higher concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and total n-3 PUFA, and a lower n-6:n-3 ratio compared to those in the no fish or 1 portion per week group (all p < 0.05). Fish consumption did not have a significant effect on biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation and lipid profile in the current study.

CONCLUSION: Consumption of 2 portions of fish per week has beneficial effects on biological n-3 PUFA concentrations in women of childbearing age; however, no effects on oxidative stress, inflammation or lipid profile were observed. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03765580), registered December 2018.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
European Journal of Nutrition
volume
60
issue
3
pages
1415 - 1427
publisher
Springer
external identifiers
  • scopus:85088690451
  • pmid:32725293
ISSN
1436-6215
DOI
10.1007/s00394-020-02326-w
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
070a37ca-29cb-44ab-ac01-146c7c646fd0
date added to LUP
2020-07-31 10:56:42
date last changed
2024-10-31 08:53:32
@article{070a37ca-29cb-44ab-ac01-146c7c646fd0,
  abstract     = {{<p>PURPOSE: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) can be synthesised endogenously from linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) in a pathway involving the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes. Endogenous synthesis is inefficient; therefore, dietary intake of preformed LCPUFA from their richest source of fish is preferred. This study investigated the effect of fish consumption on PUFA concentrations in women of childbearing age while stratifying by FADS genotype. The influence of fish consumption on lipid profile, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress was also examined.</p><p>METHODS: Healthy women (n = 49) provided a buccal swab which was analysed for FADS2 genotype (rs3834458; T/deletion). Participants were stratified according to genotype and randomised to an intervention group to receive either no fish (n = 18), 1 portion (n = 14) or 2 portions (n = 17) (140 g per portion) of fish per week for a period of 8 weeks. Serum PUFA was analysed at baseline and post-intervention. Lipid profile, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress were also analysed.</p><p>RESULTS: Participants consuming 2 portions of fish per week had significantly higher concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and total n-3 PUFA, and a lower n-6:n-3 ratio compared to those in the no fish or 1 portion per week group (all p &lt; 0.05). Fish consumption did not have a significant effect on biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation and lipid profile in the current study.</p><p>CONCLUSION: Consumption of 2 portions of fish per week has beneficial effects on biological n-3 PUFA concentrations in women of childbearing age; however, no effects on oxidative stress, inflammation or lipid profile were observed. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03765580), registered December 2018.</p>}},
  author       = {{Conway, Marie C and McSorley, Emeir M and Mulhern, Maria S and Spence, Toni and Wijngaarden, Edwin van and Watson, Gene E and Wahlberg, Karin and Pineda, Daniela and Broberg, Karin and Hyland, Barry W and Cobice, Diego F and Strain, J J and Yeates, Alison J}},
  issn         = {{1436-6215}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{1415--1427}},
  publisher    = {{Springer}},
  series       = {{European Journal of Nutrition}},
  title        = {{The influence of fish consumption on serum n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrations in women of childbearing age : a randomised controlled trial (the iFish Study)}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02326-w}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s00394-020-02326-w}},
  volume       = {{60}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}