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Fruit and vegetable intake and prostate cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

Perez-Cornago, Aurora ; Travis, Ruth C ; Appleby, Paul N. ; Tsilidis, Konstantinos K ; Tjønneland, Anne ; Olsen, Anja ; Overvad, Kim ; Katzke, Verena ; Kühn, Tilman and Trichopoulou, Antonia , et al. (2017) In International Journal of Cancer 141(2). p.287-297
Abstract

Several dietary factors have been studied in relation to prostate cancer; however, most studies have not reported on subtypes of fruit and vegetables or tumor characteristics, and results obtained so far are inconclusive. This study aimed to examine the prospective association of total and subtypes of fruit and vegetable intake with the incidence of prostate cancer overall, by grade and stage of disease, and prostate cancer death. Lifestyle information for 142,239 men participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition from 8 European countries was collected at baseline. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). After an average... (More)

Several dietary factors have been studied in relation to prostate cancer; however, most studies have not reported on subtypes of fruit and vegetables or tumor characteristics, and results obtained so far are inconclusive. This study aimed to examine the prospective association of total and subtypes of fruit and vegetable intake with the incidence of prostate cancer overall, by grade and stage of disease, and prostate cancer death. Lifestyle information for 142,239 men participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition from 8 European countries was collected at baseline. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). After an average follow-up time of 13.9 years, 7,036 prostate cancer cases were identified. Compared with the lowest fifth, those in the highest fifth of total fruit intake had a significantly reduced prostate cancer risk (HR = 0.91; 95% CI = 0.83–0.99; p-trend = 0.01). No associations between fruit subtypes and prostate cancer risk were observed, except for citrus fruits, where a significant trend was found (HR = 0.94; 95% CI = 0.86–1.02; p-trend = 0.01). No associations between total and subtypes of vegetables and prostate cancer risk were observed. We found no evidence of heterogeneity in these associations by tumor grade and stage, with the exception of significant heterogeneity by tumor grade (pheterogeneity<0.001) for leafy vegetables. No significant associations with prostate cancer death were observed. The main finding of this prospective study was that a higher fruit intake was associated with a small reduction in prostate cancer risk. Whether this association is causal remains unclear.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
fruit, prospective, prostate cancer, tumor subtypes, vegetable
in
International Journal of Cancer
volume
141
issue
2
pages
287 - 297
publisher
John Wiley & Sons Inc.
external identifiers
  • scopus:85019905976
  • pmid:28419475
  • wos:000402747400001
ISSN
0020-7136
DOI
10.1002/ijc.30741
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
0eaad1e0-441c-4b66-b623-e1b0dc87d357
date added to LUP
2017-06-16 11:41:04
date last changed
2025-03-19 02:22:43
@article{0eaad1e0-441c-4b66-b623-e1b0dc87d357,
  abstract     = {{<p>Several dietary factors have been studied in relation to prostate cancer; however, most studies have not reported on subtypes of fruit and vegetables or tumor characteristics, and results obtained so far are inconclusive. This study aimed to examine the prospective association of total and subtypes of fruit and vegetable intake with the incidence of prostate cancer overall, by grade and stage of disease, and prostate cancer death. Lifestyle information for 142,239 men participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition from 8 European countries was collected at baseline. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). After an average follow-up time of 13.9 years, 7,036 prostate cancer cases were identified. Compared with the lowest fifth, those in the highest fifth of total fruit intake had a significantly reduced prostate cancer risk (HR = 0.91; 95% CI = 0.83–0.99; p-trend = 0.01). No associations between fruit subtypes and prostate cancer risk were observed, except for citrus fruits, where a significant trend was found (HR = 0.94; 95% CI = 0.86–1.02; p-trend = 0.01). No associations between total and subtypes of vegetables and prostate cancer risk were observed. We found no evidence of heterogeneity in these associations by tumor grade and stage, with the exception of significant heterogeneity by tumor grade (p<sub>heterogeneity</sub>&lt;0.001) for leafy vegetables. No significant associations with prostate cancer death were observed. The main finding of this prospective study was that a higher fruit intake was associated with a small reduction in prostate cancer risk. Whether this association is causal remains unclear.</p>}},
  author       = {{Perez-Cornago, Aurora and Travis, Ruth C and Appleby, Paul N. and Tsilidis, Konstantinos K and Tjønneland, Anne and Olsen, Anja and Overvad, Kim and Katzke, Verena and Kühn, Tilman and Trichopoulou, Antonia and Peppa, Eleni and Kritikou, Maria and Sieri, Sabina and Palli, Domenico and Sacerdote, Carlotta and Tumino, Rosario and Bueno-De-Mesquita, Bas H. and Agudo, Antonio and Larrañaga, Nerea and Molina-Portillo, Elena and Ardanaz, Eva and Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores and Lasheras, Cristina and Stattin, Pär and Wennberg, Maria and Drake, Isabel and Malm, Johan and Schmidt, Julie A. and Khaw, Kay-Tee and Gunter, Marc and Freisling, Heinz and Huybrechts, Inge and Aune, Dagfinn and Cross, Amanda J and Riboli, Elio and Key, Timothy J}},
  issn         = {{0020-7136}},
  keywords     = {{fruit; prospective; prostate cancer; tumor subtypes; vegetable}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{07}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{287--297}},
  publisher    = {{John Wiley & Sons Inc.}},
  series       = {{International Journal of Cancer}},
  title        = {{Fruit and vegetable intake and prostate cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.30741}},
  doi          = {{10.1002/ijc.30741}},
  volume       = {{141}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}