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Radiation enteropathy and leucocyte-endothelial cell reactions in a refined small bowel model

Johnson, Louis Banka LU ; Riaz, Amjid Ali ; Adawi, Diya LU ; Wittgren, Lena LU ; Bäck, Sven LU ; Thornberg, Charlotte LU ; Osman, Nadia LU ; Gadaleanu, Virgil ; Thorlacius, Henrik LU and Jeppsson, Bengt LU (2004) In BMC Surgery 4.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Leucocyte recruitment and inflammation are key features of high dose radiation-induced tissue injury. The inflammatory response in the gut may be more pronounced following radiotherapy due to its high bacterial load in comparison to the response in other organs. We designed a model to enable us to study the effects of radiation on leucocyte-endothelium interactions and on intestinal microflora in the murine ileum. This model enables us to study specifically the local effects of radiation therapy. METHOD: A midline laparotomy was performed in male C57/Bl6 mice and a five-centimetre segment of ileum is irradiated using the chamber. Leucocyte responses (rolling and adhesion) were then analysed in ileal venules 2 - 48 hours after... (More)
BACKGROUND: Leucocyte recruitment and inflammation are key features of high dose radiation-induced tissue injury. The inflammatory response in the gut may be more pronounced following radiotherapy due to its high bacterial load in comparison to the response in other organs. We designed a model to enable us to study the effects of radiation on leucocyte-endothelium interactions and on intestinal microflora in the murine ileum. This model enables us to study specifically the local effects of radiation therapy. METHOD: A midline laparotomy was performed in male C57/Bl6 mice and a five-centimetre segment of ileum is irradiated using the chamber. Leucocyte responses (rolling and adhesion) were then analysed in ileal venules 2 - 48 hours after high dose irradiation, made possible by an inverted approach using intravital fluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, intestinal microflora, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and cell histology were analysed. RESULTS: The highest and most reproducible increase in leucocyte rolling was exhibited 2 hours after high dose irradiation whereas leucocyte adhesion was greatest after 16 hours. Radiation reduced the intestinal microflora count compared to sham animals with a significant decrease in the aerobic count after 2 hours of radiation. Further, the total aerobic counts, Enterobacteriaceae and Lactobacillus decreased significantly after 16 hours. In the radiation groups, the bacterial count showed a progressive increase from 2 to 24 hours after radiation. CONCLUSION: This study presents a refinement of a previous method of examining mechanisms of radiation enteropathy, and a new approach at investigating radiation induced leucocyte responses in the ileal microcirculation. Radiation induced maximum leucocyte rolling at 2 hours and adhesion peaked at 16 hours. It also reduces the microflora count, which then starts to increase steadily afterwards. This model may be instrumental in developing strategies against pathological recruitment of leucocytes and changes in intestinal microflora in the small bowel after radiotherapy. (Less)
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author
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
BMC Surgery
volume
4
article number
10
publisher
BioMed Central (BMC)
external identifiers
  • pmid:15363103
  • scopus:9144234364
ISSN
1471-2482
DOI
10.1186/1471-2482-4-10
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
The information about affiliations in this record was updated in December 2015. The record was previously connected to the following departments: Medical Radiation Physics, Malmö (013243210), Food Technology (011001017), Emergency medicine/Medicine/Surgery (013240200), Surgery Research Unit (013242220)
id
67ce2cbb-9fdd-4b53-ae14-89319a79749a (old id 1130304)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 15:31:50
date last changed
2023-12-12 17:43:31
@article{67ce2cbb-9fdd-4b53-ae14-89319a79749a,
  abstract     = {{BACKGROUND: Leucocyte recruitment and inflammation are key features of high dose radiation-induced tissue injury. The inflammatory response in the gut may be more pronounced following radiotherapy due to its high bacterial load in comparison to the response in other organs. We designed a model to enable us to study the effects of radiation on leucocyte-endothelium interactions and on intestinal microflora in the murine ileum. This model enables us to study specifically the local effects of radiation therapy. METHOD: A midline laparotomy was performed in male C57/Bl6 mice and a five-centimetre segment of ileum is irradiated using the chamber. Leucocyte responses (rolling and adhesion) were then analysed in ileal venules 2 - 48 hours after high dose irradiation, made possible by an inverted approach using intravital fluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, intestinal microflora, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and cell histology were analysed. RESULTS: The highest and most reproducible increase in leucocyte rolling was exhibited 2 hours after high dose irradiation whereas leucocyte adhesion was greatest after 16 hours. Radiation reduced the intestinal microflora count compared to sham animals with a significant decrease in the aerobic count after 2 hours of radiation. Further, the total aerobic counts, Enterobacteriaceae and Lactobacillus decreased significantly after 16 hours. In the radiation groups, the bacterial count showed a progressive increase from 2 to 24 hours after radiation. CONCLUSION: This study presents a refinement of a previous method of examining mechanisms of radiation enteropathy, and a new approach at investigating radiation induced leucocyte responses in the ileal microcirculation. Radiation induced maximum leucocyte rolling at 2 hours and adhesion peaked at 16 hours. It also reduces the microflora count, which then starts to increase steadily afterwards. This model may be instrumental in developing strategies against pathological recruitment of leucocytes and changes in intestinal microflora in the small bowel after radiotherapy.}},
  author       = {{Johnson, Louis Banka and Riaz, Amjid Ali and Adawi, Diya and Wittgren, Lena and Bäck, Sven and Thornberg, Charlotte and Osman, Nadia and Gadaleanu, Virgil and Thorlacius, Henrik and Jeppsson, Bengt}},
  issn         = {{1471-2482}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{BioMed Central (BMC)}},
  series       = {{BMC Surgery}},
  title        = {{Radiation enteropathy and leucocyte-endothelial cell reactions in a refined small bowel model}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2482-4-10}},
  doi          = {{10.1186/1471-2482-4-10}},
  volume       = {{4}},
  year         = {{2004}},
}