A longitudinal investigation of cognitive functioning and its relationship to symptom severity and academic functioning in treatment seeking youth with ADHD.
Tallberg, Pia LU ; Råstam Bergström, Maria LU
; Hallin, Anne-Li
LU
; Perrin, Sean
LU
and Gustafsson, Peik
LU
(2021)
In Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology
9.
p.52-63
- Abstract
- Background
Children with ADHD tend to present with poorer cognitive functioning leaving them more vulnerable to a range of negative outcomes. To date, only a handful of longitudinal studies have examined the stability of Wechsler composite scores in children and adolescents with ADHD, and none of them used a more recent version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children (WISC), than the WISC-III.
Objective
The present study investigates the cognitive stability and its longitudinal relationship with the severity of the child's ADHD symptoms and school grades.
Method
Cognitive functioning was measured with the fourth editions of the WISC-IV or the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scales (WAIS-IV) at baseline and at a... (More) - Background
Children with ADHD tend to present with poorer cognitive functioning leaving them more vulnerable to a range of negative outcomes. To date, only a handful of longitudinal studies have examined the stability of Wechsler composite scores in children and adolescents with ADHD, and none of them used a more recent version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children (WISC), than the WISC-III.
Objective
The present study investigates the cognitive stability and its longitudinal relationship with the severity of the child's ADHD symptoms and school grades.
Method
Cognitive functioning was measured with the fourth editions of the WISC-IV or the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scales (WAIS-IV) at baseline and at a 3-4-year follow-up in children with ADHD (n = 125, mean age = 11.40 years, SD = 3.24) and a Control group of school children (n = 59, mean age = 11.97 years, SD = 2.15). The stability of cognitive functioning and the relationship between cognitive functioning, ADHD and grades were evaluated using linear mixed models and logistic regression.
Results
Full scale IQ, Verbal Comprehension, and Processing Speed declined between baseline and follow-up in the ADHD group. ADHD symptom scores were associated with Working Memory scores. Together, the severity of concurrent ADHD symptoms and lower scores for verbal comprehension at baseline and follow-up were associated with an increased risk of not achieving grades at follow-up in youth with ADHD.
Conclusions
Youth with ADHD often present with cognitive impairments, not improved over time. Together these increase the risk of poorer academic outcomes. Concurrent evaluation of symptom severity, and cognitive functions can add potentially useful information in terms of treatment planning, and school supports to prevent school failure.
(Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/17dde7f1-2997-42bb-8047-5179816de24e
- author
- Tallberg, Pia
LU
; Råstam Bergström, Maria
LU
; Hallin, Anne-Li
LU
; Perrin, Sean
LU
and Gustafsson, Peik
LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2021-04-23
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- ADHD, Children and Adolescents, Longitudinal study, Neurcognitive functioning, academic outcomes
- in
- Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology
- volume
- 9
- article number
- 9
- pages
- 12 pages
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:33928054
- ISSN
- 2245-8875
- DOI
- 10.21307/sjcapp-2021-007
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 17dde7f1-2997-42bb-8047-5179816de24e
- date added to LUP
- 2021-03-25 16:52:12
- date last changed
- 2021-11-21 03:00:03
@article{17dde7f1-2997-42bb-8047-5179816de24e,
abstract = {{Background<br/>Children with ADHD tend to present with poorer cognitive functioning leaving them more vulnerable to a range of negative outcomes. To date, only a handful of longitudinal studies have examined the stability of Wechsler composite scores in children and adolescents with ADHD, and none of them used a more recent version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children (WISC), than the WISC-III.<br/>Objective<br/>The present study investigates the cognitive stability and its longitudinal relationship with the severity of the child's ADHD symptoms and school grades. <br/>Method<br/>Cognitive functioning was measured with the fourth editions of the WISC-IV or the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scales (WAIS-IV) at baseline and at a 3-4-year follow-up in children with ADHD (n = 125, mean age = 11.40 years, SD = 3.24) and a Control group of school children (n = 59, mean age = 11.97 years, SD = 2.15). The stability of cognitive functioning and the relationship between cognitive functioning, ADHD and grades were evaluated using linear mixed models and logistic regression. <br/>Results<br/>Full scale IQ, Verbal Comprehension, and Processing Speed declined between baseline and follow-up in the ADHD group. ADHD symptom scores were associated with Working Memory scores. Together, the severity of concurrent ADHD symptoms and lower scores for verbal comprehension at baseline and follow-up were associated with an increased risk of not achieving grades at follow-up in youth with ADHD. <br/>Conclusions <br/>Youth with ADHD often present with cognitive impairments, not improved over time. Together these increase the risk of poorer academic outcomes. Concurrent evaluation of symptom severity, and cognitive functions can add potentially useful information in terms of treatment planning, and school supports to prevent school failure. <br/>}},
author = {{Tallberg, Pia and Råstam Bergström, Maria and Hallin, Anne-Li and Perrin, Sean and Gustafsson, Peik}},
issn = {{2245-8875}},
keywords = {{ADHD; Children and Adolescents; Longitudinal study; Neurcognitive functioning; academic outcomes}},
language = {{eng}},
month = {{04}},
pages = {{52--63}},
series = {{Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology}},
title = {{A longitudinal investigation of cognitive functioning and its relationship to symptom severity and academic functioning in treatment seeking youth with ADHD.}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.21307/sjcapp-2021-007}},
doi = {{10.21307/sjcapp-2021-007}},
volume = {{9}},
year = {{2021}},
}